Table 2.
Pregnancy outcomes in a low-prevalence COVID-19 high-migrant Australian urban population
| Pregnancy complications | Pre-COVID-19 N=23 722, N (%) |
COVID-19 n=10 381, N (%) |
P value |
| Timing of birth | |||
| Gestational age (weeks) median (IQR) | 39.2 (1.8) | 39.2 (1.8) | 0.25 |
| <28 weeks | 301 (1.3) | 128 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| 28–32 weeks | 232 (1.0) | 84 (0.8) | |
| <37 weeks | 1439 (6.1) | 539 (5.2) | |
| 37+weeks | 21 748 (91.7) | 9630 (92.8) | |
| Mode of delivery | |||
| Vaginal birth | 13 931 (58.8) | 5819 (56.1) | <0.001 |
| Instrumental | 2340 (9.9) | 1016 (9.8) | |
| Vaginal breech | 204 (0.9) | 76 (0.7) | |
| Caesarean section | 7224 (30.5) | 3465 (33.4) | |
| Onset of labour | |||
| Induction | 7095 (29.9) | 3666 (35.3) | <0.001 |
| Birth weight | |||
| Appropriate for gestational age | 20 071 (85.1) | 28 884 (85.5) | 0.39 |
| Large for gestational age | 1676 (7.1) | 784 (7.6) | 0.11 |
| Small for gestational age | 1832 (7.8) | 713 (6.9) | 0.01 |
| Adverse birth outcomes | |||
| Stillbirth | 227 (1.0) | 95 (0.9) | 0.71 |
| Apgar<7 at 5 min | 662 (2.8) | 257 (2.5) | 0.10 |
| Intubation resuscitation at birth | 262 (1.1) | 100 (1.0) | 0.24 |
| Admission to NICU | 3851 (16.2) | 1743 (16.8) | 0.23 |
| Composite adverse neonatal | 4261 (18.2) | 1907 (18.3) | 0.41 |
| Neonatal feeding | |||
| Skin to skin at birth | 16 454 (69.4) | 7961 (76.7) | 0.02 |
| Feeding within 1 hour | 14 353 (60.5) | 6424 (61.9) | 0.02 |
| Fully breastfeeding at discharge | 15 620 (65.8) | 6410 (62.1) | <0.001 |
Pre-COVID=1 January 2018–31January 2020, COVID-19 =1 February 2020–31 January 2021.
Composite adverse neonatal includes any: stillbirth, admission to NICU, Apgar score under 7 at 5 min, or newborn resuscitation with intubation.
NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.