TABLE 1.
Patient characteristics stratified by PSA persistence or adjuvant treatment for patients without PSA persistence
| Variable | All (n = 561) | PSA persistence | Adjuvant treatment in no PSA persistence | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presence (n = 284) | Absence (n = 277) | P value | Performed (n = 41) | Not performed (n = 236) | P value | ||
| Age at diagnosis, years (IQR) | 68 (64–72) | 68 (63–72) | 68 (65–71) | 0.16 | 68 (65–72) | 68 (65–71) | 0.70 |
| NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| PSA value at diagnosis, ng/ml (IQR) | 13.5 (8.4–22.6) | 16.2 (9.3–27.5) | 11.5 (7.6–17.9) | <0.0001* | 10.4 (6.6–15.6) | 11.5 (7.8–18.5) | 0.16 |
| NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Percentage of positive biopsy core, % (IQR) | 50 (33–69) | 50 (33–75) | 50 (30–62) | 0.018* | 50 (38–70) | 50 (29–60) | 0.17 |
| NA | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Biopsy ISUP grade group, n (%) | |||||||
| Group I | 12 (2.1%) | 5 (1.8%) | 7 (2.5%) | 2 (4.9%) | 5 (2.1%) | ||
| Group II | 46 (8.2%) | 21 (7.4%) | 25 (9.0%) | 5 (12.2%) | 20 (8.5%) | ||
| Group III | 102 (18.2%) | 42 (14.9%) | 60 (21.7%) | 7 (17.1%) | 53 (22.5%) | ||
| Group IV | 162 (29.0%) | 86 (30.5%) | 76 (27.4%) | 10 (24.4%) | 66 (28.0%) | ||
| Group V | 237 (42.4%) | 128 (45.4%) | 109 (39.4%) | 0.20 | 17 (41.5%) | 92 (39.0%) | 0.69 |
| NA | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Clinical T‐stage, n (%) | |||||||
| T1 | 113 (20.2%) | 51 (18.0%) | 62 (22.4%) | 9 (22.0%) | 53 (22.5%) | ||
| T2a | 297 (53.0%) | 155 (54.8%) | 142 (51.3%) | 23 (56.1%) | 119 (50.4%) | ||
| T2b | 5 (0.9%) | 2 (0.7%) | 3 (1.1%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.3%) | ||
| T2c | 15 (2.7%) | 4 (1.4%) | 11 (4.0%) | 1 (2.4%) | 10 (4.2%) | ||
| T3/4 | 130 (23.2%) | 71 (25.1%) | 59 (21.3%) | 0.19 | 8 (19.5%) | 51 (21.6%) | 0.89 |
| NA | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Clinical N‐stage, n (%) | |||||||
| N0 | 526 (94.8%) | 264 (94.3%) | 262 (95.3%) | 37 (92.5%) | 225 (95.7%) | ||
| N1 | 29 (5.2%) | 16 (5.7%) | 13 (4.7%) | 0.27 | 3 (7.5%) | 10 (4.3%) | 0.37 |
| NA | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Year of operation, n (%) | |||||||
| 2006‐2012 | 187 (33.3%) | 97 (34.2%) | 90 (32.5%) | 23 (56.1%) | 67 (28.4%) | ||
| 2013‐2019 | 374 (66.7%) | 187 (65.8%) | 187 (67.5%) | 0.68 | 18 (43.9%) | 169 (71.6%) | 0.0005* |
| NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Operation approach, n (%) | |||||||
| Open RP | 181 (32.3%) | 97 (34.2%) | 84 (30.3%) | 22 (53.7%) | 62 (26.3%) | ||
| Laparoscopic RP | 46 (8.2%) | 27 (9.5%) | 19 (6.9%) | 4 (9.8%) | 15 (6.4%) | ||
| Robot‐assisted RP | 334 (59.5%) | 160 (56.3%) | 174 (62.8%) | 0.24 | 15 (36.6%) | 159 (67.4%) | 0.0007* |
| NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| RP ISUP grade group, n (%) | |||||||
| Group I | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Group II | 48 (8.6%) | 14 (4.9%) | 34 (12.4%) | 4 (9.8%) | 30 (12.8%) | ||
| Group III | 131 (23.4%) | 56 (19.8%) | 75 (27.3%) | 11 (26.8%) | 64 (27.4%) | ||
| Group IV | 78 (14.0%) | 48 (17.0%) | 30 (10.9%) | 3 (7.3%) | 27 (11.5%) | ||
| Group V | 301 (53.8%) | 165 (58.3%) | 136 (49.5%) | 0.0005* | 23 (56.1%) | 113 (48.3%) | 0.74 |
| NA | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Pathological T‐stage, n (%) | |||||||
| T2 | 91 (16.3%) | 27 (9.5%) | 64 (23.2%) | 6 (14.6%) | 58 (24.7%) | ||
| T3a | 175 (31.3%) | 81 (28.6%) | 94 (34.1%) | 11 (26.8%) | 83 (35.3%) | ||
| T3b | 282 (50.4%) | 167 (59.0%) | 115 (41.7%) | 22 (53.7%) | 93 (39.6%) | ||
| T4 | 11 (2.0%) | 8 (2.8%) | 3 (1.1%) | <0.0001* | 2 (4.9%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0.016* |
| NA | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Resection margin, n (%) | |||||||
| Negative | 252 (45.2%) | 107 (37.8%) | 145 (52.7%) | 17 (41.5%) | 128 (54.7%) | ||
| Positive | 306 (54.8%) | 176 (62.2%) | 130 (47.3%) | 0.0004* | 24 (58.5%) | 106 (45.3%) | 0.12 |
| NA | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Number of positive lymph nodes (IQR) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–3) | 1 (1–2) | <0.0001* | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 0.057 |
| NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Number of removed lymph nodes (IQR) | 14 (9–21) | 13 (9–19) | 15 (9–23) | 0.0075* | 10 (7–17) | 17 (10–25) | 0.0011* |
| NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; ISUP, International Society of Urological Pathology; NA, not available; PSA, prostate‐specific antigen; RP, radical prostatectomy.
*Statistically significant.