Table 1.
Characteristics of participating households and adults aged 15–59 years, by country
| Characteristic household level | Eswatini N=4652 % (n) |
Lesotho N=7052 % (n) |
Tanzania N=13 328 % (n) |
Uganda N=11 717 % (n) |
Namibia N=8002 % (n) |
Zambia N=9282 % (n) |
Total N=54 033 % (n) |
| Households reporting any food insecurity | 31.3 (1531) | 31.1 (2273) | 21.4 (2818) | 27.8 (3599) | 22.9 (2015) | 17.8 (1628) | 23.5 (13 864) |
| Median youth dependency ratio (IQR)* | 40 (0–55) | 33 (0–50) | 50 (33–64) | 50 (33–67) | 33 (0–50) | 100 (40–200) | 100 (50–150) |
| Female head of household | 54.7 (2549) | 50.9 (3621) | 26.8 (3417) | 31.0 (3714) | 51.2 (4041) | 23.7 (2196) | 29.2 (19 530) |
| Receipt of economic support† | |||||||
| None | 63.9 (2904) | 79.7 (5560) | 94.2 (12 521) | 93.7 (10 961) | 71.7 (5404) | 96.1 (8923) | 93.1 (46 273) |
| Economic only | 19.1 (914) | 13.6 (981) | 5.2 (736) | 5.0 (593) | 19.7 (1842) | 3.0 (271) | 5.5 (6729) |
| Food support | 17.0 (834) | 6.7 (511) | 0.6 (71) | 1.2 (163) | 8.6 (756) | 0.9 (88) | 1.3 (2423) |
| Individual level | N=9553 % (n) | N=11 655 % (n) | N=28 340 % (n) | N=28 030 % (n) | N=16 267 % (n) | N=19 110 % (n) | N=112 955 % (n) |
| Geography, % (n) | |||||||
| Urban | 28.0 (2131) | 48.8 (5208) | 37.5 (9348) | 28.8 (7663) | 58.4 (6765) | 45.7 (8339) | 36.5 (39 454) |
| Rural | 72.0 (7422) | 51.2 (6447) | 62.5 (18 992) | 71.2 (20 367) | 41.6 (9502) | 54.3 (10 771) | 63.5 (73 501) |
| Sex, % (n) | |||||||
| Women | 54.4 (5525) | 49.7 (6870) | 50.8 (16 043) | 52.5 (16 094) | 51.5 (9220) | 51.1 (10 981) | 51.4 (64 726) |
| Men | 45.6 (4028) | 50.3 (4785) | 49.2 (12 297) | 47.5 (11 945) | 48.5 (7047) | 48.9 (8129) | 48.6 (48 229) |
| Median age (IQR) | 28 (21–38) | 30 (22–40) | 28 (20–39) | 27 (20–37) | 29 (21–40) | 27 (20–38) | 28 (20–38) |
| Age group (years) | |||||||
| 15–24 | 37.2 (3599) | 34.1 (4037) | 38.5 (10 359) | 43.3 (11,241) | 35.2 (5557) | 41.1 (7319) | 40.2 (42 112) |
| 25–34 | 29.0 (2600) | 29.8 (3223) | 27.3 (7704) | 26.9 (7613) | 28.6 (4302) | 27.3 (5130) | 27.3 (30 572) |
| 35–44 | 18.7 (1698) | 19.0 (2148) | 18.8 (5603) | 16.4 (4879) | 19.4 (3310) | 18.1 (3736) | 18.0 (21 374) |
| 45–59 | 15.1 (1656) | 17.1 (2247) | 15.4 (4674) | 13.4 (4297) | 16.8 (3098) | 13.5 (2925) | 14.5 (18 897) |
| No food in house in past 4 weeks | |||||||
| Never | 66.4 (6089) | 69.0 (7820) | 79.3 (22 479) | 72.1 (19 441) | 75.6 (11 788) | 83.1 (15 896) | 77.1 (83 513) |
| Rarely (1–2x) | 18.6 (1900) | 13.1 (1569) | 11.3 (3299) | 15.8 (4767) | 11.1 (1944) | 10.2 (1954) | 12.7 (15 433) |
| Sometimes (3–10x) | 12.3 (1280) | 13.4 (1678) | 7.2 (2010) | 10.7 (3433) | 10.9 (2104) | 5.8 (1089) | 8.4 (11 594) |
| Often (>10x) | 2.8 (284) | 4.5 (588) | 2.2 (552) | 1.4 (389) | 2.4 (431) | 0.9 (171) | 1.8 (2415) |
| Educational level | |||||||
| None | 3.5 (372) | 5.0 (572) | 12.4 (4135) | 7.1 (2451) | 6.7 (1490) | 5.0 (961) | 9.3 (9981) |
| Primary | 25.9 (2722) | 39.7 (4912) | 62.0 (17 703) | 55.6 (15 882) | 23.3 (4757) | 41.9 (8322) | 55.5 (54 298) |
| Secondary or greater | 70.6 (6447) | 55.3 (6164) | 25.6 (6490) | 37.3 (9538) | 70.0 (9979) | 53.1 (9814) | 35.2 (48 432) |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Never married | 55.3 (5178) | 38.6 (4267) | 32.1 (7914) | 33.1 (8263) | 60.4 (9228) | 37.2 (6355) | 34.2 (41 205) |
| Married | 36.8 (3519) | 48.1 (5624) | 57.0 (17 086) | 53.6 (15 790) | 32.1 (5583) | 53.6 (10 648) | 54.5 (58 250) |
| Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 7.9 (800) | 13.3 (1743) | 10.9 (3285) | 13.3 (3910) | 7.5 (1310) | 9.3 (1965) | 11.4 (13 013) |
| Employed in past 12 months | 43.3 (3853) | 39.2 (4099) | 44.7 (12 155) | 53.2 (14 346) | 45.9 (6756) | 33.8 (6148) | 45.8 (47 357) |
| Recent migrant‡ | 10.9 (947) | 6.3 (675) | 14.6 (4005) | 24.5 (6556) | 29.2 (4383) | 14.3 (2683) | 17.9 (19 249) |
| HIV-positive | |||||||
| Women | 34.2 (1913) | 30.3 (2161) | 6.5 (1187) | 7.7 (1163) | 15.6 (1623) | 14.6 (1689) | 9.0 (9736) |
| Men | 20.5 (875) | 20.9 (1032) | 3.5 (521) | 4.7 (545) | 9.2 (722) | 9.3 (778) | 5.3 (4473) |
| Viral load >1000 copies/mL§ | |||||||
| Women | 24.6 (461) | 29.5 (617) | 42.5 (513) | 37.7 (432) | 18.5 (313) | 39.8 (627) | 37.9 (2963) |
| Men | 33.8 (274) | 36.4 (364) | 58.7 (301) | 46.1 (247) | 31.1 (220) | 42.5 (321) | 47.5 (1727) |
Some totals maybe ≥100% due to rounding. Data are survey weighted using Taylor series weights for estimates of variance.
*Dependency ratio was calculated as the number of rostered usual residents aged 0–14 years/(rostered 15 and older)×100.
†Measured over the past 3 months.
‡Migrant defined as being away from home for at least 1 month in the past 12 months, except for Namibia, where it was during the past 3 years.
§Among HIV-positive.