Changes in the interferon protein levels
The interferons were transformed to common logarithm values to normalize the data distribution. All data are expressed as the mean ± SE. (A) IFNα/β, IFN-γ, IL-27, and IFN-λ1 on day 1 in each group. Asterisks indicate a statistically significant difference between the control, no mechanical ventilation, and mechanical ventilation groups. (B) The interferon levels in survivors and non-survivors on each day in the patients on mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001. SE, standard error; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin.