Table 1.
Baseline demographic and behavioural characteristics of POWER participants
| Kenya | South Africa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kisumu | Cape Town | Johannesburg | |||||
| Characteristic | Total (n = 2550) | JOOTRH (n = 496) | KMET (n = 504) | TTT (n = 681) | Weltevreden (n = 106) | Jeppestown (n = 399) | Ward 21 (n = 364) |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 21 (19–23) | 21 (19–23) | 21 (19–23) | 20 (18–22) | 19.5 (18–22) | 21 (20–23) | 21 (19–22.5) |
| Marital status a | |||||||
| Single, no partner | 40 (2%) | 4 (<1%) | 10 (2%) | 12 (2%) | 4 (4%) | 4 (1%) | 6 (2%) |
| Single, has partner | 2154 (85%) | 312 (63%) | 355 (70%) | 661 (97%) | 101 (95%) | 381 (96%) | 344 (95%) |
| Married; husband's only wife | 330 (13%) | 167 (34%) | 130 (26%) | 7 (1%) | 1 (<1%) | 12 (3%) | 13 (4%) |
| Sexual partners, past 3 months | |||||||
| Current N, median (IQR) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) |
| HIV‐positive sex partner | 106 (4%) | 35 (7%) | 14 (3%) | 26 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 14 (4%) | 14 (4%) |
| Sex partner, unknown HIV status | 1672 (66%) | 302 (61%) | 305 (61%) | 555 (82%) | 90 (85%) | 227 (57%) | 193 (53%) |
| Knows or thinks partner has other partners | 549 (22%) | 90 (18%) | 178 (36%) | 134 (20%) | 14 (13%) | 68 (17%) | 65 (18%) |
| Condom use | |||||||
| Never | 689 (27%) | 219 (44%) | 166 (33%) | 137 (20%) | 28 (26%) | 97 (24%) | 42 (12%) |
| Sometimes | 1509 (59%) | 233 (47%) | 285 (57%) | 449 (66%) | 60 (57%) | 239 (60%) | 243 (67%) |
| Always | 341 (13%) | 42 (9%) | 49 (10%) | 91 (13%) | 18 (17%) | 62 (16%) | 79 (22%) |
| Any alcohol use in the past 3 months | 1056 (41%) | 38 (8%) | 69 (14%) | 514 (76%) | 78 (74%) | 173 (43%) | 184 (51%) |
| Drinks per week, median (IQR) | 3 (1–5) | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–2.5) | 4 (2–5) | 5 (4–5) | 2 (1–5) | 1.5 (1–4) |
| STI diagnosis | |||||||
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 667 (29%) | 77 (16%) | 95 (19%) | 259 (41%) | 55 (52%) | 113 (35%) | 68 (27%) |
| Neisseria gonorrhoea | 221 (10%) | 26 (5%) | 35 (7%) | 100 (16%) | 21 (20%) | 25 (8%) | 14 (6%) |
| STI symptoms | 179 (7%) | 37 (7%) | 82 (16%) | 27 (4%) | 6 (6%) | 8 (2%) | 19 (5%) |
| HIV risk | |||||||
| Modified VOICE risk score b ; median (IQR) | 6 (5–7) | 6 (4–6) | 6 (4–6) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (7–8) | 6 (5–7) | 6 (5–7) |
| Contraceptive use | |||||||
| Any | 1208 (47%) | 181 (36%) | 248 (49%) | 324 (48%) | 56 (53%) | 192 (48%) | 207 (57%) |
| Oral | 92 (8%) | 4 (2%) | 8 (3%) | 11 (3%) | 2 (4%) | 37 (19%) | 30 (15%) |
| Injectable | 604 (51%) | 34 (19%) | 66 (27%) | 248 (77%) | 45 (80%) | 97 (51%) | 114 (58%) |
| Implant | 317 (27%) | 86 (48%) | 140 (57%) | 44 (14%) | 8 (14%) | 26 (14%) | 13 (7%) |
| IUD | 34 (3%) | 12 (7%) | 8 (3%) | 6 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (<1%) | 7 (4%) |
| Condoms | 191 (16%) | 45 (25%) | 25 (10%) | 13 (4%) | 1 (2%) | 28 (15%) | 79 (40%) |
| Ever pregnant | 1213 (48%) | 238 (48%) | 291 (58%) | 221 (33%) | 29 (27%) | 276 (70%) | 158 (43%) |
| Currently pregnant | 162 (6%) | 129 (26%) | 31 (6%) | 2 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Laboratory screening for PrEP | |||||||
| Creatinine clearance ml/minute, median (IQR) | 135 (110–164) | 130 (111–154) | 97 (83–113) | 152 (128–179) | 152 (126–183) | 144 (122–176) | 143 (122–174) |
| Creatinine clearance >60 ml/minute | 2344 (99%) | 427 (100%) | 429 (97%) | 643 (100%) | 103 (100%) | 380 (100%) | 362 (100%) |
| Hepatitis B surface Ag positive | 14 (<1%) | 5 (1%) | 4 (<1%) | 3 (<1%) | 1 (<1%) | 0 | 1 (<1%) |
| Initiated PrEP c | 2397 (94%) | 440 (89%) | 459 (91%) | 659 (97%) | 103 (97%) | 379 (95%) | 357 (98%) |
a
<1% of women were in a polygamous marriage, widowed or divorced.
b
The modified VOICE risk score includes age<25; not married or living with partner; alcohol use in the past 3 months; partner does not provide financial/material support; and partner has other sex partners with a maximum score of 8.
c
2359 participants initiated PrEP at enrolment and 38 after enrolment.