TABLE 4.
Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of the association between serum Mn tertiles and diabetes in subgroups
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Cases (%) | Serum Mn Median (IQR) | No. | OR (95% CI) | No. | OR (95% CI) | No. | OR (95% CI) | P for interaction | |
| Sex | .021 | |||||||||
| Male | 1380 | 375 (27.2) | 1.60 (0.93, 2.84) | 460 | 1.29 (0.95,1.75) | 460 | ref | 460 | 0.96 (0.70,1.31) | |
| Female | 1195 | 321 (26.9) | 1.51 (0.86, 2.67) | 398 | 1.44 (1.01,2.04) | 398 | ref | 399 | 1.81 (1.29,2.55) | |
| BMI, kg/m 2 | .253 | |||||||||
| < 24 | 982 | 232 (23.6) | 1.56 (0.88, 2.70) | 327 | 1.77 (1.19,2.62) | 327 | ref | 328 | 1.75 (1.18,2.58) | |
| ≥24 | 1593 | 464 (29.1) | 1.56 (0.92, 2.81) | 531 | 1.27 (0.96,1.68) | 531 | ref | 531 | 1.13 (0.86,1.50) | |
| Age, y | .697 | |||||||||
| < 65 | 1391 | 324 (23.3) | 1.59 (0.92, 2.83) | 464 | 1.28 (0.93,1.78) | 463 | ref | 464 | 1.27 (0.91,1.76) | |
| ≥65 | 1184 | 372 (31.4) | 1.53 (0.88, 2.71) | 395 | 1.63 (1.18,2.25) | 394 | ref | 395 | 1.50 (1.09,2.07) | |
| Smoking | .422 | |||||||||
| Yes | 502 | 131 (26.1) | 1.71 (1.01, 3.04) | 167 | 1.52 (0.89,2.59) | 167 | ref | 168 | 1.21 (0.71,2.08) | |
| No | 2073 | 565 (27.3) | 1.52 (0.88, 2.71) | 691 | 1.40 (1.08,1.80) | 691 | ref | 691 | 1.39 (1.08,1.79) | |
| Drinking | .824 | |||||||||
| Yes | 458 | 110 (24.0) | 1.65 (0.98, 2.78) | 153 | 0.92 (0.52,1.64) | 152 | ref | 153 | 0.94 (0.52,1.67) | |
| No | 2117 | 586 (27.7) | 1.54 (0.89, 2.76) | 706 | 1.43 (1.12,1.84) | 705 | ref | 706 | 1.38 (1.07,1.76) | |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | 0.433 | |||||||||
| < 5.18 | 2084 | 599 (28.7) | 1.60 (0.93, 2.83) | 695 | 1.54 (1.20,1.97) | 694 | ref | 695 | 1.33 (1.04,1.71) | |
| ≥5.18 | 491 | 97 (19.8) | 1.37 (0.83, 2.45) | 164 | 1.60 (0.87,2.96) | 163 | ref | 164 | 1.99 (1.08,3.66) | |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 0.099 | |||||||||
| < 1.7 | 1677 | 416 (24.8) | 1.57 (0.88, 2.75) | 559 | 1.72 (1.29,2.30) | 559 | ref | 559 | 1.39 (1.04,1.87) | |
| ≥1.7 | 898 | 280 (31.2) | 1.55 (0.92, 2.81) | 299 | 1.08 (0.74,1.58) | 299 | ref | 300 | 1.26 (0.87,1.83) | |
| HDL‐C status | .837 | |||||||||
| Poor | 969 | 312 (32.2) | 1.66 (0.92, 2.97) | 323 | 1.44 (1.01,2.03) | 323 | ref | 323 | 1.38 (0.97,1.96) | |
| Good | 1606 | 384 (23.9) | 1.52 (0.88, 2.67) | 535 | 1.51 (1.11,2.03) | 535 | ref | 536 | 1.36 (1.00,1.83) | |
| Blood pressure | .296 | |||||||||
| < 140/90 | 966 | 268 (27.7) | 1.61 (0.93, 2.86) | 322 | 1.21 (0.84,1.75) | 322 | ref | 322 | 1.44 (1.00,2.08) | |
| ≥140/90 | 1609 | 428 (26.6) | 1.52 (0.88, 2.72) | 536 | 1.53 (1.15,2.05) | 536 | ref | 537 | 1.27 (0.94,1.70) | |
Status of HDL‐C: Poor, < 1.0 mmol/L in men and < 1.3 mmol/L in women; Good, ≥1.0 mmol/L in men and ≥1.3 mmol/L in women.
Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, SBP, DBP, drinking status, smoking status, TC, TG, HDL‐C, LDL‐C, serum creatinine, physical activity, use of antihypertensive drugs, and family history of diabetes.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; Mn, manganese; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.