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. 2022 Jun 30;13:919633. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919633

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Copyright © 2022 Li, Hao, Tang and Liang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mechanisms of periodontal pathogens impacting oral cancer. Periodontal pathogens can invade oral epithelial cells and directly impact target genes to cause changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis, survival, and invasiveness. Pathogens also triggers inflammation, which also affects these biological pathways, and similarly acts on oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, as do some cancerogenic substances produced by periodontal pathogens. In addition, inflammation sequentially induces mucosal injury leading to susceptibility to virus and other carcinogens like alcohol.