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. 2022 Mar 11;61(5):2725–2735. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02846-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Body weight and glycemic status improve with lifestyle intervention. A total of 136 obese subjects were included in the lifestyle intervention program. 114 (84%) participants could be included in the per protocol analysis. A BMI is given over time for males (blue) and females (red) showing marked and sustained weight loss. ***p < 0.001 vs. W0, ^$p < 0.001 vs. W15, ANOVA, Bonferroni-adjusted post-hoc analysis. B Glycemic status was followed over time. Subjects on antidiabetic medication or fasting plasma glucose levels ≥ 126 mg/dL were considered diabetic (red), while subjects with fasting plasma glucose levels 100–125 mg/dL were defined as subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). As a result of lifestyle intervention, glycemic status of patients markedly improved. **p < 0.01, McNemar test