Table 1.

Kinetic parameters of α-Syn fibril formation in presence and absence of each metal ion. The parameters were calculated based on kinetic studies displayed in Fig. 1 using Eq. (1). * p < 0.05 significant difference compared to the control group. **p < 0.05 significant difference compared to the Zn²⁺ group. ***p < 0.05 significant difference compared to the Cu²⁺ group. ****p < 0.05 significant difference compared to the Ca²⁺ group.

	Control	Zn2+	Cu2+	Ca2+	Mg2+
tlag (h)	18 ± 0.26	2 ± 0.56	9 ± 0.20	6 ± 0.26	13.5 ± 0.50
Statistical significance vs. control		*	*	*	*
Statistical significance vs. Zn2+			**	**	**
Statistical significance vs. Cu2+				***	***
Statistical significance vs. Ca2+					****
kapp (h-1)	0.07 ± 0.01	0.33 ± 0.05	0.12 ± 0.06	0.25 ± 0.05	0.17 ± 0.03
Statistical significance vs. control		*	*	*	*
Statistical significance vs. Zn2+			**	**	**
Statistical significance vs. Cu2+				***	***
Statistical significance vs. Ca2+					****