Fig. 1.

Aberrant mechanical force induces JMJD3 in vitro and in vivo. a Primary chondrocytes were exposed to FSS and the JMJD3 mRNA expression was evaluated by qPCR assay. b JMJD3 protein level was markedly increased after FSS stimulation. c Immunofluorescent assay presented an increased staining intensity of JMJD3 in FSS-treated chondrocytes. Scale bar: 50 μm d Histological analysis of joint samples from different groups. Scale bar: 100 μm e The OARSI scores of sham and ACLT group. f The mRNA level of JMJD3 in tissue samples from ACLT group was significantly upregulated when compared to that from sham controls. g Immunohistochemistry staining of representative markers for cartilage degradation in tissue samples from different groups. Scale bar: 50 μm h JMJD3 was strongly stained in ACLT mice samples. i A significant upregulation of JMJD3 was detected in OA tissues when compared to normal controls from GEO database. Scale bar: 50 μm *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001