Fig. 11. Photocatalysis.
a1 UCL spectra of different samples. a2 Time-dependent ratios of C/C0 for Rhodamine B with different samples as photocatalysts. a3 ET process in UCNPs and the proposed photocatalytic mechanism for UCN@SiO2@ZnO176. b1 ET processes between NYF, Au, and CdS, and evolution process of bio-ethanol photoreformed H2 under NIR irradiation. b2 UCL spectra of NYF, NYF/Au, NYF/CdS and NYF/Au/CdS. Photocatalytic H2 evolution rates of different samples under NIR (b3) and simulated sunlight (b4)179. c1 Schematic diagram of photocatalytic H2 production mechanism of UCNPs-Pt@MOF/Au. c2 H2 production rates of UCNPs-Pt@MOF and UCNPs-Pt@MOF/Au under excitation by UV, Vis, NIR, and solar light. c3 Recycling test for H2 production of UCNPs-Pt@MOF/Au under simulated solar light164. a1–a3 Reprinted with permission from ref. 176 Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society. b1–b4 Reprinted with permission from ref. 179 Copyright 2017, The Royal Society of Chemistry. c1–c8 Reprinted with permission from ref. 164 Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons