Table 1.

Changes in clinical variables before and after training in patients with chronic insomnia disorder.

Variables	Before training	After training	T/Z value	P-Value
PSQI	13.86 ± 3.35	11.25 ± 3.31	4.87	<0.001
ISI	17.82 ± 4.83	14.18 ± 6.14	3.46	0.002
HAMD	19.11 ± 8.01	16.86 ± 7.47	1.76	0.09
BDI	19.29 ± 10.70	15.89 ± 9.25	2.88	0.008
HAMA	19.82 ± 9.45	16 ± 12.15	2.65	0.013
TST (min)	380.11 ± 101.70	404.27 ± 81.22	1.18	0.25
SE (%)	78.75 (66.25–84.78)	78.6 (71.33–89.98)	−0.62	0.539
SOL (min)	20.5 (7.25–58.13)	12 (6.63–27.13)	−1.95	0.052
NOA	20.5 (10.25–26.75)	15 (8–26.5)	−1.49	0.137

Normally distributed data are expressed as mean ± SD, and P-values were obtained using two-tailed paired t-test. Non-normally distributed data were presented as median and interquartile range, and P-values were obtained using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. PSQI, Pittsburgh sleep quality index; ISI, insomnia severity index; HAMD, Hamilton depression rating scale; BDI, Beck depression inventory; HAMA, Hamilton anxiety rating scale; TST, total sleep time; SE, sleep efficiency; SOL, sleep onset latency; NOA, number of awakenings.