Table 2.
Associations of IVF with placental abnormalities and placenta-related complications.
| Total (n = 16,535,852) | IVF (n = 183,059) | non-IVF (n = 16,352,793) | RR (95% CI) | aRR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placental abnormalities | |||||
| Placenta previa | 328773 (1.99) | 8865 (4.8) | 319908 (2.0) | 2.48 (2.42 to 2.53) | 1.87 (1.83 to 1.91) |
| Placental abruption | 127427 (0.77) | 1853 (1.0) | 125574 (0.8) | 1.32 (1.26 to 1.38) | 1.16 (1.11 to 1.21) |
| Placenta accreta | 326875 (1.98) | 8554 (4.7) | 318321 (2.0) | 2.40 (2.35 to 2.45) | 2.00 (1.96 to 2.04) |
| Abnormal morphology of placenta | 308626 (1.87) | 8231 (4.5) | 300395 (1.8) | 2.45 (2.40 to 2.50) | 2.12 (2.07 to 2.16) |
| Placenta-related complications | |||||
| Gestational hypertension | 276136 (1.67) | 5962 (3.3) | 270174 (1.7) | 1.97 (1.92 to 2.02) | 1.55 (1.51 to 1.59) |
| Preeclampsia | 456977 (2.76) | 10082 (5.5) | 446895 (2.7) | 2.02 (1.98 to 2.05) | 1.54 (1.51 to 1.57) |
| Eclampsia | 20621 (0.12) | 226 (0.1) | 20395 (0.1) | 0.99 (0.87 to 1.13) | 0.91 (0.80 to 1.04) |
| Preterm birth | 808063 (4.89) | 15066 (8.2) | 792997 (4.9) | 1.70 (1.67 to 1.72) | 1.48 (1.46 to 1.51) |
| Fetal distress | 1010414 (6.11) | 14627 (8.0) | 995787 (6.1) | 1.31 (1.29 to 1.33) | 1.39 (1.37 to 1.42) |
| FGR | 134722 (0.81) | 2205 (1.2) | 132517 (0.8) | 1.49 (1.43 to 1.55) | 1.36 (1.30 to 1.42) |
IVF, in vitro fertilization; Non-IVF, non-in vitro fertilization; FGR, fetal growth restriction. RR, relative risk; aRR, adjusted relative risk. CI, confidence interval. RR were calculated in Poisson regression modelling with restricted cubic splines of exact maternal age. aRR were calculated in Poisson regression modelling with restricted cubic splines of exact maternal age, with adjustment for geographic region, maternal age, year, ethnicity, and chronic diseases before pregnancy.
The bold values means has statistically significant.