TABLE 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of overall survival and recurrence‐free survival with CD9 expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics of the non‐neoadjuvant and neoadjuvant group
| Non‐neoadjuvant group (n = 211) | Neoadjuvant group ‐ Fudan cohort (n = 98) | Neoadjuvant group ‐ validation cohort (n = 81) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analyses | Multivariate analyses | Univariate analyses | Multivariate analyses | Univariate analyses | Multivariate analyses | |||||||
| HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | |
| OS | ||||||||||||
| Age (</> = median) | 1.060 (0.800,1.403) | 0.686 | 1.069 (0.662,1.727) | 0.784 | 1.084 (0.683,1.721) | 0.732 | ||||||
| Gender (male/female) | 1.035 (0.779,1.375) | 0.812 | 0.824 (0.511,1.328) | 0.426 | 0.802 (0.498,1.291) | 0.364 | ||||||
| Tumor location (head/others) | 1.164 (0.879,1.542) | 0.289 | 1.176 (0.717,1.927) | 0.521 | 1.575 (0.982,2.527) | 0.060 | ||||||
| Tumor differentiation (well to moderate/poor) | 1.666 (1.250,2.220) | <0.001 | 1.537 (1.149,2.056) | 0.004 | 1.924 (1.165,3.176) | 0.011 | 1.779 (1.062,2.982) | 0.029 | 1.791 (1.112,2.883) | 0.016 | 1.665 (1.027,2.702) | 0.039 |
| Vascular invasion (no/yes) | 1.268 (0.947,1.698) | 0.111 | 1.496 (0.920,2.432) | 0.104 | 1.489 (0.924,2.401) | 0.102 | ||||||
| Perineural invasion (no/yes) | 1.257 (0.919,1.719) | 0.152 | 1.328 (0.735,2.397) | 0.347 | 1.431 (0.860,2.381) | 0.167 | ||||||
| Tumor size stage (1/2/3/) | 1.505 (1.238,1.830) | <0.001 | 1.508 (1.082,2.101) | 0.015 | 1.499 (1.051,2.138) | 0.025 | ||||||
| Lymph node stage (0/1/2) | 1.551 (1.276,1.886) | <0.001 | 2.117 (1.468,3.052) | <0.001 | 1.993 (1.376,2.887) | <0.001 | ||||||
| TNM stage (I/II/III) | 1.651 (1.349,2.021) | <0.001 | 1.590 (1.296,1.949) | <0.001 | 2.186 (1.462,3.269) | <0.001 | 1.739 (1.141,2.650) | 0.010 | 2.219 (1.484,3.318) | 0.000 | 1.652 (1.057,2.582) | 0.028 |
| Tumor‐CD9 group (low/high) | 1.235 (0.927,1.646) | 0.149 | 1.991 (1.222,3.245) | 0.006 | 1.849 (1.108,3.086) | 0.019 | 1.874 (1.172,2.997) | 0.009 | 1.855 (1.107,3.109) | 0.019 | ||
| Stroma‐CD9 group (negative/positive) | 0.855 (0.632,1.155) | 0.306 | 0.575 (0.354,0.936) | 0.026 | 0.559 (0.337,0.926) | 0.024 | 0.509 (0.316,0.822) | 0.006 | 0.533 (0.314,0.904) | 0.020 | ||
| RFS | ||||||||||||
| Age (</> = median) | 0.995 (0.741,1.335) | 0.973 | 0.866 (0.547,1.372) | 0.540 | 1.104 (0.685,1.781) | 0.685 | ||||||
| Gender (male/female) | 0.928 (0.687,1.255) | 0.629 | 0.892 (0.561,1.419) | 0.630 | 0.618 (0.373,1.024) | 0.062 | ||||||
| Tumor location (head/others) | 1.078 (0.804,1.446) | 0.615 | 1.466 (0.898,2.393) | 0.126 | 1.389 (0.853,2.263) | 0.187 | ||||||
| Tumor differentiation (well to moderate/poor) | 1.519 (1.118,2.062) | 0.007 | 1.399 (1.027,1.907) | 0.033 | 1.889 (1.171,3.048) | 0.009 | 1.671 (1.003,2.786) | 0.049 | 1.837 (1.116,3.026) | 0.017 | 1.803 (1.077,3.018) | 0.025 |
| Vascular invasion (no/yes) | 1.246 (0.912,1.703) | 0.168 | 1.473 (0.920,2.357) | 0.107 | 1.583 (0.958,2.617) | 0.073 | ||||||
| Perineural invasion (no/yes) | 1.302 (0.933,1.816) | 0.120 | 1.378 (0.788,2.410) | 0.261 | 1.487 (0.880,2.512) | 0.138 | ||||||
| Tumor size stage (1/2/3/) | 1.392 (1.132,1.712) | 0.002 | 1.796 (1.245,2.590) | 0.002 | 1.590 (1.097,2.304) | 0.014 | ||||||
| Lymph node stage (0/1/2) | 1.503 (1.225,1.843) | <0.001 | 1.771 (1.247,2.517) | 0.001 | 1.791 (1.227,2.614) | 0.003 | ||||||
| TNM stage (I/II/III) | 1.532 (1.239,1.895) | <0.001 | 1.481 (1.195,1.836) | <0.001 | 2.012 (1.394,2.904) | <0.001 | 1.575 (1.057,2.347) | 0.026 | 2.171 (1.463,3.223) | 0.000 | 1.603 (1.027,2.502) | 0.038 |
| Tumor‐CD9 group (low/high) | 1.178 (0.871,1.592) | 0.288 | 1.887 (1.182,3.011) | 0.008 | 1.668 (1.013,2.747) | 0.044 | 2.005 (1.226,3.280) | 0.006 | 1.885 (1.072,3.313) | 0.028 | ||
| Stroma‐CD9 group (negative/positive) | 0.821 (0.598,1.127) | 0.222 | 0.532 (0.333,0.850) | 0.008 | 0.481 (0.294,0.788) | 0.004 | 0.515 (0.313,0.847) | 0.009 | 0.497 (0.286,0.865) | 0.013 | ||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival; RFS, recurrence‐free survival.
p <0.05 is deemed significant and marked in bold.