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. 2022 Jun 30;13:926752. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.926752

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Molecular mechanisms of somatic embryogenesis. The somatic embryogenesis process is influenced by epigenetic regulation, transcription factors, and hormone signalling pathways. Epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, repress transcription factor access to gene-promoter regions, thereby inhibiting the expression of genes involved in somatic embryogenesis. Many transcription factors (green ovals) are involved in this regulatory network and also regulate each other and activate downstream auxin and CK signalling pathways. Additionally, miR-160 and miR-165/-166 are involved in regulating somatic embryogenesis.