Table 6.
Summary of randomized clinical intervention of synbiotics in patients with IBD.
| Reference | Probiotics | Prebiotics | Dose | Intake | Duration | Parameters analyzed | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matijašić et al. 2016 | Fermented milk (L. acidophilus La-5, B. animalis ssp. lactis BB-12, St. thermophiles) | dietary fiber (90% inulin, 10% oligofructose) | L. acidophilus La-5 (1.8 × 107 cfu/g) & B. animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 (2.5 × 107 cfu/g); 2% dietary fiber (packed in 180-g) | Twice daily | 2 weeks | Stool samples subjected to real-time PCR and 16S rDNA profiling by next-generation sequencing | Less effective (short-term effect on the amount and proportion of La-5-like strains and B. animalis ssp. lactis in the fecal microbiome) |
| Rocha et al. 2014 | Synbiotic Lactol® Bacillus Coagulans |
Fructo-oligosaccharides | Bacillus Coagulans (15 × 107 Spores) & Fructo-oligosaccharides (100 mg) | Once-daily | 12 weeks | Abdominal pain (scored 1 to 7), diarrhea, and constipation (scored 1 to 5) | Effective (Relieving abdominal pain/discomfort, diarrhea, and beneficial effects remained for at least nine months) |
| Shavakhi et al. 2014 | Balance®(L. casei, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus, L/ bulgaricus, B. breve, B. longum and St. thermophiles. | Fructo-oligosaccharides | 1 × 108 CFU/per capsule | Twice daily | 2 weeks | Abdominal pain, distension, symptoms, and quality-of-life | No significant effect (No beneficial effects over placebo) |
| Cappello et al. 2013 | L. plantarum, L. casei subp. Rhamnosus, L. gasseri, B. infantis, B. longum, L. acidophilus, L. salivarus, L. sporogenes and St. termophilus | inulin and 1.3 g of tapioca-resistant starch | 5-g sachets | Twice daily | 4 weeks | Assess abdominal bloating, flatulence, pain, urgency by a 100-mm visual analog scale, stool frequency, and bowel functions quality of life (SF-36) | Less effective (decreasing the severity of flatulence in IBD patients, failed improvement in global satisfactory relief of abdominal flatulence) |
|
Ishikawa et al. 2011 |
BbY, Live B. breve strain Yakult | GOS, galactooligosaccharides | Freeze-dried powder of 1 g (109 CFU/g) & GOS 5.5 g (55% as a gel) | three times a day | one year | Colonoscopy index, amount of myeloperoxidase in a lavage solution, Analysis of Fecal Microorganisms | Effective |
| Steed et al. 2010 | Bifidobacterium longum | Synergy 1 | 2 × 1011 freeze-dried viable B. longum in a gelatin capsule, and a sachet | Twice daily | 6 months | Transcription levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mucosal tissue, microbiological analysis of tissue biopsies, and histopathology |
Effective (improvement in their histological scores, and reductions in serum levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α) |