Table 2.
Associations between exposure variables and diabetes mellitus (outcome) in Mexican adults, estimated by multivariable logistic regression (by year).
| Variables | Categories | 2003 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex 2003, 2014 | Females | 1.344 (1.176–1.536)*** | 1.244 (1.025–1.511)* |
| REF: Males | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Age 2003, 2014 | REF: <50 years | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| ≥50 years | 6.734 (5.843–7.760)*** | 4.608 (3.260–6.515)*** | |
| BMI 2003, 2014 | REF: <25.0: Underweight/normal weight | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 25.0–29.9: Overweight | 1.359 (1.175–1.571)*** | 1.649 (1.305–2.083)*** | |
| ≥30.0: Obesity | 1.871 (1.583–2.211)*** | 1.778 (1.398–2.261)*** | |
| Marital status 2003 | Never married, separated/divorced, widowed | 1.135 (0.990–1.301) | – |
| REF: Currently married, Co-habiting | 1.0 | – | |
| Education2003, 2014 | ≤ Primary school | 0.821 (0.320–2.102) | 1.360 (1.042–1.773)* |
| Secondary school, High school (or equivalent) completed | 0.815 (0.320–2.073) | 1.167 (0.848–1.607) | |
| REF: College, pre-university, university, or post-graduate degree completed | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Alcohol2014 | Yes | – | 0.955 (0.791–1.153) |
| REF: Never | – | 1.0 | |
| Fruit and vegetables | <5 servings/day | – | – |
| REF: ≥5 servings/day | – | – | |
| Physical activity2003, 2014 | <600 MET-minutes/week | 1.349 (1.117–1.630)** | 1.037 (0.818–1.315) |
| REF: ≥600 MET-minutes/week | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Values expressed in Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. REF, reference category.
2003Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for sex, age, BMI, marital status, education and physical activity.
2014Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for sex, age, BMI, education, alcohol and physical activity.