Table 1.

PICOS criteria for study inclusion.

Parameter	Criteria
Population	Adult and older individuals
Intervention (Exposure)	Exposed to any proxy indicators of oral health and oral hygiene status e.g., periodontitis, dental scaling, dental cleaning, tooth brushing, tooth loss
Comparison	Not exposed to any proxy indicators of oral health and oral hygiene status, or general population
Outcome	Occurrence of new-onset AF, AF recurrence
Study design	Original data from observational studies. Excluded studies were narrative and systematic reviews.

AF, atrial fibrillation.