Question 4AB:

Very low GRADE	In children with CVI, MRI abnormalities were often found related to the visual pathways. The abnormalities are not identical. In children who have no CVI abnormalities on MRI are found less often. (Lambert et al., 1987; Uggetti et al., 1996; Sie et al., 2005; Khetpal and Donahue, 2007; van Genderen et al., 2012)
Moderate GRADE	Periventricular leucomalacia on MRI was found to have a strong association with CVI in all 30 studies. Only 13 (43%) studies described dorsal and/ventral stream dysfunction (Philip et al., 2020).
Low GRADE	MR imaging showed signs of cortical dysgenesis leading to congenital brain malformations such as polymicrogyria consistent with a prenatal timing of CNS injury (Ho et al., 2020).
Moderate GRADE	CVI participants have a significantly higher mean motion coherence threshold (determined using a random dot kinematogram pattern simulating optic flow motion) compared to controls. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI; Pamir et al., 2021).
Moderate GRADE	Brain lesion severity strongly correlated with visual function total score. Moreover, visual acuity, visual field, stereopsis and color were compromised when a cortical damage was present, while ocular motricity (and in particular fixation and saccades) were compromised in presence of subcortical brain damage (Tinelli et al., 2020).