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. 2022 Jun 30;13:926516. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926516

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Copyright © 2022 Shichkin and Antica

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Key markers and pathways in the development of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) from bipotent thymic epithelial progenitor cells (TEPCs). TEPCs differentiate into medullary and cortical thymic epithelial cell lineages (mTECs and cTECs, respectively) that are regulated by Foxn1 expression. mTEC development goes through an intermediate stem cell stage (mTESCs), expressing the stem cell marker SSEA-1, and requires Notch signaling for the formation of mature Aire expressing mTECs^hi. Other pathways to the differentiation of mTEC subsets are still a matter of intensive research. It is also yet not known whether cTEC development goes through a similar intermediate stage. CLP, Committed Lymphocyte Precursor; DN, Double Negative Thymocytes; DP, Double Positive Thymocytes; SP, Single Positive Thymocytes. Modified from Alawam et al., 2020 (71); the article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).