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The mediating effect of lack of goal progress (LOGP) on the relationship between red tape and proactive behavior.
| Effects | SE | Effect sizes | 95% BC confidence LL | 95% BC confidence UL |
| Total effect | –0.75 | 0.04 | –0.84 | –0.67 |
| Direct effect | –0.30 | 0.05 | –0.40 | –0.21 |
| Indirect effect | –0.45 | 0.04 | –0.50 | –0.37 |
N = 656. Bootstrapping sample size = 5,000. SE, standard error; LL, bootstrapping lower limit confidence interval; UL, bootstrapping upper limit confidence interval.
