Table 1.
Characteristics of study population by hypertension or pre hypertension.
| All subjects | No hypertension subjects | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | No hypertension | Pvalue | Prehypertension | Ideal BP | Pvalue | |
| N | 11621 | 23111 | 13164 | 9947 | ||
| Age, years | 61 (55,68) | 56 (51,61) | <0.001 | 57 (53,63) | 54 (49,59) | <0.001 |
| Sex, (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Male | 4059 (34.9) | 6435 (27.8) | 4099 (31.1) | 2336 (23.5) | ||
| Female | 7562 (65.1) | 16676 (72.2) | 9065 (68.9) | 7611 (76.5) | ||
| CVAI | 122.76 (98.49,147.00) | 95.46 (71.28,120.92) | <0.001 | 104.35 (81.22,129.07) | 83.39 (60.72,107.46) | <0.001 |
| VAI | 2.05 (1.32,3.24) | 1.74 (1.12,2.77) | <0.001 | 1.88 (1.20,2.97) | 1.57 (1.04,2.48) | <0.001 |
| BMI, Kg/m2 | 25.5 (23.4,27.8) | 23.7 (21.7,25.9) | <0.001 | 24.3 (22.3,26.6) | 22.9 (21.0,25.0) | <0.001 |
| WC | 90 (83,96) | 84 (78,90) | <0.001 | 86 (92,80) | 81 (75,88) | <0.001 |
| WHR | 0.91 (0.86,0.95) | 0.88 (0.83,0.92) | <0.001 | 0.89 (0.84,0.93) | 0.86 (0.82,0.91) | <0.001 |
| WHtR | 0.56 (0.52,0.60) | 0.52 (0.49,0.56) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.50,0.57) | 0.51 (0.47,0.55) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.06 (2.46,3.67) | 2.88 (2.32,3.48) | <0.001 | 2.94 (2.39,3.55) | 2.79 (2.23,3.38) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.27 (1.08,1.49) | 1.30 (1.09,1.53) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.09,1.51) | 1.32 (1.11,1.57) | <0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.21 (4.47,5.94) | 4.97 (4.26,5.70) | <0.001 | 5.06 (4.33,5.79) | 4.85 (4.17,5.58) | <0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.51 (1.08,2.17) | 1.30 (0.94,1.87) | <0.001 | 1.38 (1.00,2.00) | 1.20 (0.88,1.70) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.0 (5.7,6.4) | 5.8 (5.6,6.2) | <0.001 | 5.9 (5.6,6.2) | 5.8 (5.5,6.1) | <0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 16 (12,23) | 14 (11,20) | <0.001 | 15 (11,21) | 14 (10,19) | <0.001 |
| AST, U/L | 21 (18,26) | 20 (17,24) | <0.001 | 20 (17,25) | 20 (16,24) | <0.001 |
| GGT, U/L | 23 (17,36) | 19 (14,29) | <0.001 | 21 (15,31) | 18 (13,27) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/ (min·1.73 m2) | 87.94 (77.51,99.15) | 90.71 (81.42,101.32) | <0.001 | 90.22 (80.93,100.74) | 91.53 (82.09,102.05) | <0.001 |
| Drinking, (%) | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||
| Never | 8821 (75.9) | 17297 (74.8) | 9840 (74.7) | 7457 (75.0) | ||
| Occasional | 1788 (15.4) | 4544 (19.7) | 2874 (18.8) | 2070 (20.8) | ||
| Frequently | 1012 (8.7) | 1270 (5.5) | 850 (6.5) | 420 (4.2) | ||
| Smoking, (%) | 0.038 | 0.026 | ||||
| Never | 10052 (86.5) | 19783 (85.6) | 11218 (85.2) | 8565 (86.1) | ||
| Occasional | 241 (2.1) | 537 (2.3) | 296 (2.2) | 241 (2.4) | ||
| Frequently | 1328 (11.4) | 2791 (12.1) | 1650 (12.5) | 1141 (11.5) | ||
| Diabetes, (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 1712 (14.7) | 1892 (8.2) | 1294 (9.8) | 598 (6.0) | ||
| No | 9909 (85.3) | 21219 (91.8) | 11870 (90.2) | 9349 (94.0) | ||
| Physical activity, (%) | <0.001 | 0.028 | ||||
| Low | 9685 (83.3) | 18150 (78.6) | 10464 (79.4) | 7689 (77.3) | ||
| Moderate | 1369 (11.8) | 3512 (15.2) | 1903 (14.5) | 1609 (16.2) | ||
| High | 567 (4.9) | 1449 (6.3) | 791 (6.1) | 652 (6.6) | ||
| Married/cohabitating, (%) | <0.001 | 0.153 | ||||
| Yes | 10061 (86.6) | 20630 (89.3) | 11753 (89.3) | 8877 (89.3) | ||
| No | 1560 (13.4) | 2481 (10.7) | 1411 (10.7) | 1070 (10.7) | ||
| CVD, (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 892 (7.68) | 857 (3.71) | 602 (4.57) | 255 (2.56) | ||
| No | 10729 (92.32) | 22254 (96.29) | 12562 (95.43) | 9692 (97.44) | ||
Data were mean ± SD or median (IQR) for skewed variables or numbers (proportions) for categorical variables.
CVAI chinese visceral adiposity index, VAI visceral adiposity index, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, WHtR waist to height ratio, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, ALT alanine transferase, AST aspartate transferase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase, TG triglyceride, TC Total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CVD cardiovascular disease.