Table 6.
Association of CVAI, VAI, BMI, WC, WHtR, WHR and LDL-C with hypertension and prehypertension by eGFR.
| Hypertension | Pre-hypertension | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | eGFR≥90 | 60≤eGFR<90 | eGFR<60 | eGFR≥90 | 60≤eGFR<90 | eGFR<60 | ||||||||||
| Variable | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | ||||
| CVAI | ||||||||||||||||
| Q1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Q2 | 1.893 (1.690,2.120) | <0.001 | 1.665 (1.471,1.884) | <0.001 | 1.232 (0.662,2.293) | 0.51 | 1.673 (1.510,1.853) | <0.001 | 1.546 (1.381,1.730) | <0.001 | 1.793 (0.874,3.681) | 0.111 | ||||
| Q3 | 2.740 (2.431,3.089) | <0.001 | 2.332 (2.050,2.653) | <0.001 | 1.951 (1.060,3.590) | 0.032 | 2.148 (1.902,2.427) | <0.001 | 2.340 (2.048,2.673) | <0.001 | 2.397 (1.093,5.260) | 0.029 | ||||
| Q4 | 3.739 (3.272,4.272) | <0.001 | 3.221 (2.793,3.16) | <0.001 | 2.743 (1.425,5.278) | 0.003 | 2.802 (2.404,3.267) | <0.001 | 2.719 (2.304,3.207) | <0.001 | 4.516 (1.779,11.465) | 0.002 | ||||
| VAI | ||||||||||||||||
| Q1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Q2 | 1.507 (1.349,1.683) | <0.001 | 1.276 (1.135,1.435) | <0.001 | 0.807 (0.479,1.359) | 0.42 | 1.317 (1.174,1.478) | <0.001 | 1.312 (1.156,1.490) | <0.001 | 3.200 (1.542,6.638) | 0.002 | ||||
| Q3 | 1.729 (1.518,1.969) | <0.001 | 1.571 (1.377,1.791) | <0.001 | 1.421 (0.810,2.490) | 0.22 | 1.799 (1.564,2.068) | <0.001 | 1.605 (1.382,1.865) | <0.001 | 2.129 (0.938,4.833) | 0.071 | ||||
| Q4 | 2.049 (1.720,2.441) | <0.001 | 1.798 (1.519,2.128) | <0.001 | 1.640 (0.810,3.321) | 0.169 | 1.924 (1.582,2.340) | <0.001 | 1.848 (1.510,2.262) | <0.001 | 2.974 (1.010,8.752) | 0.048 | ||||
| LDL,mmol/L | ||||||||||||||||
| Ideal level | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Appropriate level | 1.111 (0.993,1.242) | 0.066 | 1.117 (0.997,1.251) | 0.056 | 0.908 (0.570,1.446) | 0.684 | 1.158 (1.026,1.307) | 0.017 | 1.167 (1.026,1.327) | 0.019 | 1.744 (0.857,3.550) | 0.125 | ||||
| Borderline high | 1.357 (1.149,1.602) | <0.001 | 1.430 (1.218,1.678) | 0.001 | 0.966 (0.505,1.847) | 0.916 | 1.116 (0.925,1.347) | 0.251 | 1.322 (1.095,1.596) | 0.004 | 1.507 (0.526,4.320) | 0.445 | ||||
| High | 1.623 (1.277,2.064) | <0.001 | 1.507 (1.196,1.898) | 0.001 | 1.309 (0.507,3.381) | 0.578 | 1.319 (0.997,1.745) | 0.053 | 1.518 (1.151,2.003) | 0.003 | 1.608 (0.334,7.754) | 0.554 | ||||
| BMI, Kg/m2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Overweight | 1.875 (1.728,2.035) | <0.001 | 1.650 (1.525,1.786) | <0.001 | 1.726 (1.240,2.403) | 0.001 | 1.630 (1.495,1.777) | <0.001 | 1.635 (1.494,1.790) | <0.001 | 2.587 (1.556,4.301) | <0.001 | ||||
| Obesity | 2.814 (2.527,3.134) | <0.001 | 2.333 (2.095,2.599) | <0.001 | 2.389 (1.548,3.687) | <0.001 | 2.522 (2.183,2.913) | <0.001 | 2.054 (1.762,2.394) | <0.001 | 3.602 (1.695,7.652) | 0.001 | ||||
| WHtR | ||||||||||||||||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| High | 1.941 (1.769,2.219) | <0.001 | 1.774 (1.616,1.947) | <0.001 | 1.832 (1.182,2.839) | 0.007 | 1.392 (1.295,1.497) | <0.001 | 1.339 (1.241,1.445) | <0.001 | 1.463 (0.986,2.171) | 0.058 | ||||
| WC | ||||||||||||||||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| High | 1.764 (1.635,1.903) | <0.001 | 1.566 (1.454,1.688) | <0.001 | 1.341 (0.979,1.837) | 0.068 | 1.700 (1.563,1.848) | <0.001 | 1.617 (1.481,1.765) | <0.001 | 1.853 (1.165,2.947) | 0.009 | ||||
| WHR | ||||||||||||||||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| High | 1.586 (1.439,1.748) | <0.001 | 1.463 (1.317,1.626) | <0.001 | 1.688 (1.073,2.653) | 0.023 | 1.438 (1.305,1.585) | <0.001 | 1.399 (1.255,1.561) | <0.001 | 1.400 (0.790,2.484) | 0.249 | ||||
Adjusted for center, age, sex, previously diagnosed CVD, previously diagnosed diabetes, current smoking status, current drinking status, marital status, physical activity, HbA1C, GGT, AST ALT, TG, TC, HDL-C and SCr.
CVAI chinese visceral adiposity index, VAI visceral adiposity index, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, WHtR waist to height ratio, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, ALT alanine transferase, AST aspartate transferase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase, TG triglyceride, TC Total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CVD cardiovascular disease, SCr creatinine.