Table 3.
Summary of studies describing malnutrition in children with TB disease.
| Author (Year) | Country | Specific TB Population | Age (years) | Number of patients | Number (%) malnourished* | Measurement of malnutrition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aygun (2019)[28] | Turkey | Patients <18 at TB clinic | Mean 9·9 SD 5 | 163 | 80 (49·1) | Weight for age <3rd percentile |
| Blount (2014)[29] | Vietnam | Patients <16 at national referral hospital | Median 5 IQR 2 – 10 |
103 | 16 (15·5) | WAZ < −3 |
| Buck (2013) [30] | Malawi | HIV-infected patients <18 at HIV clinic | Median 3·8 IQR 1·5 – 7·4 |
1561 | 350 (22·4) | SAM (WLHZ, MUAC, & oedema) |
| Drobac (2012) [31] | Peru | Patients <15 at referral hospital | Median 9 IQR 5 – 12 |
2392 | 890 (37·2) | Weight for age <3rd percentile |
| du Preez (2018) [32] | South Africa | Patients <13 at district hospital | 74% <3 | 113 | 8 (7·1) | SAM |
| Ebonyi (2016) [33] | Nigeria | HIV-infected patients <14 at HIV clinic | Median 3·6 IQR 1·8 – 6·0 |
260 | 66 (25·4) | WAZ < −3 |
| Hesseling (2005) [34] | South Africa | HIV-infected patients <14 with culture-confirmed TB at referral hospital | Median 2·0 | 93 | 23 (24·7) | <80% IBW in presence of oedema or <60% IBW in absence of oedema |
| Hicks (2014) [35] | South Africa | Patients <15 at referral hospital with drug resistant TB, 77% HIV infected | Median 8 IQR 4 to 12 |
84 | 42 (50·0) | Weight for age <3rd percentile |
| Laghari (2018) [36] | Pakistan | Patients <15 in DOTS registry | Mean 7·4 SD 4·4 |
2167 | 1629 (75·2) | Weight for age <5th percentile |
| Nansumba (2017) [37] | Uganda | Patients <15 at referral hospital | 44% <2, 29% 2–4, 26% >4 | 144 | 30 (20·8%) | WHZ < −3 |
| Seddon 2012 [38] | South Africa | Patients <15 at referral hospital with drug resistant TB | Median 4·2 IQR 1·6 to 9 |
111 | 41 (36·9%) | Weight for age <3rd percentile |
| Wobudeya (2019) [39] | Uganda | Patients <15 at TB clinic | Median 3·0 IQR 1·3 to 6·1 | 713 | 76 (10·7) | WAZ < −3 |
ATT: anti-tuberculosis therapy; DOTS: directly observed treatment, short-course; IBW: ideal body weight or weight for age 50th percentile; IQR: interquartile range; MUAC: mid-upper arm circumference; SD: standard deviation; WAZ: weight for age z-score; WLHZ: weight for height z-score; WHZ: weight for height z-score
*
Calculated percentage includes enumeration of patients with missing data in denominator