Table 4.
Association between 10-year all-cause mortality and body mass index (BMI) category stratified by possible sarcopenia severity for all study participants, and compared between male and female Thai older adults who participated in the 4th Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES-IV) (N = 8,195).
| BMI categories | Possible sarcopenia severity | Total participants | Male | Female | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | ||
| Underweight (BMI <18.5) |
Severe | 6.82 (4.92–9.47) |
3.98 (2.89–5.48) |
8.05 (5.00–12.98) |
5.35 (1.19–8.97) |
5.64 (3.76–8.48) |
3.12 (2.06–4.72) |
| Moderate | 4.09 (2.94–5.67) |
2.97 (2.13–4.14) |
4.36 (2.95–6.47) |
3.35 (2.27–4.95) |
3.83 (2.34–6.26) |
2.81 (1.75–4.53) |
|
| Mild | 2.83 (1.83–4.38) |
2.72 (1.75–4.23) |
3.03 (1.70–5.38) |
3.08 (1.69–5.64) |
2.70 (1.54–4.73) |
2.56 (1.46–4.48) |
|
| None | 0.76 (0.40–1.47) |
0.78 (0.41–1.51) |
0.63 (0.26–1.54) |
0.65 (0.27–1.58) |
0.85 (0.39–1.89) |
0.92 (0.43–2.01) |
|
| Normal weight (BMI 18.5–22.9) |
Severe | 3.73 (2.71–5.13) |
2.18 (1.59–3.00) |
4.23 (2.95–6.05) |
2.74 (1.86–4.04) |
3.22 (1.99–5.19) |
1.79 (1.11–2.86) |
| Moderate | 2.79 (1.92–4.05) |
1.99 (1.40–2.82) |
3.20 (1.97–5.21) |
2.37 (1.46–3.85) |
2.31 (1.42–3.76) |
1.64 (1.02–2.64) |
|
| Mild | 1.85 (1.33–2.57) |
1.50 (1.10–2.03) |
2.12 (1.46–3.04) |
1.77 (1.21–2.59) |
1.58 (0.91–2.73) |
1.28 (0.75–2.18) |
|
| None | 1.00 (Reference) |
1.00 (Reference) |
1.00 (Reference) |
1.00 (Reference) |
1.00 (Reference) |
1.00 (Reference) |
|
| Overweight (BMI 23.0–24.9) |
Severe | 3.45 (2.34–5.09) |
2.05 (1.39–3.02) |
4.36 (2.83–6.72) |
2.45 (1.49–4.05) |
2.85 (1.73–4.70) |
1.89 (1.15–3.10) |
| Moderate | 2.21 (1.64–2.97) |
1.58 (1.19–2.10) |
3.13 (2.22–4.45) |
2.13 (1.49–3.06) |
1.44 (0.86–2.40) |
1.13 (0.67–1.89) |
|
| Mild | 1.38 (0.91–2.12) |
1.17 (0.77–1.78) |
1.58 (0.82–3.02) |
1.26 (0.66–2.40) |
1.20 (0.67–2.15) |
1.06 (0.59–1.89) |
|
| None | 1.63 (0.81–3.29) |
1.48 (0.74–2.96) |
2.85 (1.30–6.25) |
2.44 (1.09–5.44) |
0.67 (0.31–1.42) |
0.65 (0.30–1.39) |
|
| Obesity (BMI > 25.0) |
Severe | 3.45 (2.45–4.85) |
1.98 (1.41–2.79) |
5.60 (3.67–8.54) |
2.68 (1.70–4.24) |
2.64 (1.65–4.25) |
1.76 (1.10–2.81) |
| Moderate | 2.20 (1.56–3.11) |
1.53 (1.10–2.79) |
3.80 (2.20–6.58) |
2.20 (1.35–3.58) |
1.61 (1.08–2.42) |
1.26 (0.83–1.90) |
|
| Mild | 1.23 (0.87–1.74) |
1.01 (0.71–1.42) |
1.85 (1.16–2.96) |
1.26 (0.79–1.99) |
0.99 (0.64–1.53) |
0.91 (0.58–1.41) |
|
| None | 0.87 (0.59–1.29) |
0.77 (0.52–1.14) |
0.82 (0.53–1.26) |
0.61 (0.38–0.97) |
1.01 (0.51–1.62) |
0.98 (0.55–1.73) |
|
*Adjusted by age, residential area, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, history of smoke.