Table 3.

WtC design opportunities matrix used to identify opportunities for enabling cows' self-grooming behaviors.

		Mental wellbeing
		Nutrition	Environment	Health	Behavior
	Choice		Choice of objects and surfaces to interact with in the environment	A choice of ways to meet grooming and scratching needs	Ability to choose between grooming-related behaviors
Competence	Control		Agency over when and how to interact with different objects and surface	Ability to groom and scratch at will, e.g., in response to itches or for stress reduction	Freedom to perform grooming and scratching behaviors at any time
	Variety		Wider variety of grooming related objects and surfaces	Ability to groom all parts of the body	Allow for greater variety of grooming/ scratching behavior. Allow for individual preferences
	Complexity

Bold border indicates opportunities identified as high priority for animal welfare.