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. 2022 Jun 30;13:926220. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926220

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Copyright © 2022 Muralidharan, Torta, Lin, Olona, Bagnati, Moreno-Moral, Ko, Ji, Burla, Wenk, Rodrigues, Petretto and Behmoaras

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Temporal lipidomics analysis in human macrophages reveal LPS-dependent lipid kinetics. Heatmap showing 179 lipids with significant changes across time (FDR <0.05) are distributed among 8 lipid clusters (LC). Each cluster is separated by horizontal lines. At least N=10 donors were used and hMDMs were used as untreated or LPS-stimulated for 30 min, 3h, 8h and 16h (see Methods for cluster generation). In the heatmap, each row depicts the relative abundance of a single lipid and data are presented following z-score transformation. See also Supplementary Table 1 for details of the lipids included in each time series cluster. The kinetic trends of each LC and the lipid species are represented as line plots and pie charts, respectively. PC, phosphatidylcholines; PE, phosphatidylethanolamines; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PG, phosphatidylglycerols; PS, phosphatidylserine; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; Cer, ceramides; SM, sphingomyelins; HexCer, monohexosylceramides; Hex2Cer, dihexosylceramides; CE, cholesteryl esters; Ganglio, gangliosides; SPB, sphingoid bases.