Table 1.
Sample characteristics and descriptive statistics.
| HC [M ± SD] | AN [M ± SD] | t (p) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 17.20 ± 2.79 | 15.90 ± 1.47 | 2.66 b (0.01) |
| BMI | 21.17 ± 2.27 | 14.41 ± 1.45 | 15.89 b (0.00) |
| BMI-SDS | 0.03 ± 0.63 | −3.40 ± 1.10 | 16.87 b (0.00) |
| BDI-II | 5.08 ± 5.58 | 26.05 ± 8.59 | 12.95 b (0.00) |
| EDI-2 | 132.84 ± 25.44 | 218.11 ± 34.52 | 12.58 b (0.00) |
| EMA | |||
| Compliance | 0.69 ± 0.18 | 0.82 ± 0.16 | 3.26 b (0.002) |
| Desires (total) | 22.75 ± 15.17 | 24.30 ± 12.18 | 0.50 (0.62) |
| Desires per day (mean) | 3.25 ± 2.17 | 3.47 ± 1.74 | 0.50 (0.62) |
| Desire strength (mean) | 5.40 ± 0.57 | 5.72 ± 0.76 | 2.01 a (0.03) |
| Conflicts (total) | 9.75 ± 7.06 | 14.10 ± 9.71 | 2.29 a (0.03) |
| Conflicting desires (%) | 49 ± 26% | 59 ± 27% | 1.82 (0.07) |
| Conflict strength of conflicting desires (mean) | 4.79 ± 0.99 | 4.52 ± 0.97 | 1.23 (0.22) |
| Resistance against conflicting desires (total) | 7.63 ± 5.99 | 12.56 ± 9.30 | 2.80 b (0.01) |
| Resistance against conflicting desires (percentage) | 76 ± 28% | 82 ± 22% | 0.97 a (0.05) |
| Success (total) | 5.38 ± 4.12 | 8.45 ± 7.62 | 2.25 a (0.03) |
| Success in resisting all desires (%) | 29 ± 20% | 33 ± 24% | 0.86 (0.39) |
| Success in resisting conflicting desires (%) | 48 ± 31% | 45 ± 30% | 0.54 (0.33) |
| Success in resisting nonconflicting desires (%) | 05 ± 0.8% | 15 ± 22% | 2.69 b (0.01) |
| Valence of affect (mean) | 11.81 ± 1.26 | 7.47 ± 2.53 | 9.70 b (0.00) |
| Calmness (mean) | 11.49 ± 1.56 | 8.15 ± 2.46 | 7.26 b (0.00) |
| Energetic arousal (mean) | 9.13 ± 1.93 | 9.10 ± 1.52 | 0.08 (0.93) |
Notes: t indicates values for independent group comparison. n = 40 per group. Age is given in years. Compliance is given in percentage of filled-out EMA questionnaires. All further variables are given as measured by the EMA questionnaire. Desire, binary variable [yes/no]; desire strength, continuous variable [1–7]; conflict, binary variable [yes/no]; conflict strength, continuous variable [1–7]; conflicting desires, desires for which conflict was affirmed; nonconflicting desires, desires for which no conflict was reported; resistance, binary variable [yes/no]; success, binary variable [yes/no]; valence of affect/calmness/energetic arousal, continuous variables [1–7].
Abbreviations: AN, anorexia nervosa; BMI, body mass index; BMI-SDS, body mass index standard deviation score; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-II; BDI-SDS, body mass index standard deviation score; EDI-2, Eating Disorder Inventory-2; EMA, ecological momentary assessment, HC, healthy control.
Significant at α ≤ 0.05.
Significant at α ≤ 0.01.