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. 2022 Jul 14;159:29. doi: 10.1186/s41065-022-00241-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Arecoline treatment affects the cell viability and ultrastructure of HepG2 cells. A Changes in viability of HepG2 hepatoma cells treated with the indicated concentration of arecoline. B-F Quantification of the changes in HepG2 cell viability after treatment with the indicated concentration of arecoline on 1st day B, 2nd day C, 3rd day D, 5th day E and 7th day F. G Transmission electron microscopy images highlighting the ultrastructural changes in HepG2 hepatoma cells treated the indicated concentrations of arecoline. Vs 1st d, ^&p < 0.05; vs 2nd d, ^#p < 0.05; vs 3rd d, ^%p < 0.05; vs 5th d, ^$p < 0.05. Vs 0 μM treatment group, ^ap < 0.05; vs 2.5 μM treatment group, ^bp < 0.05