Table 3.

Significant association between phenotypic and genetically determined height with eight traits

Height (exposure)	8 traits (outcome)	Beta	95% confidence interval		P-value
	Anthropometric trait 1
Height (Phenotype)	Body weight (Phenotype)	4.162	4.083	4.241	0.00E+00
Height (PRS)	Body weight (Phenotype)	1.218	1.141	1.296	7.81E−206
Height (Phenotype)	Waist circumference (Phenotype)	1.363	1.287	1.440	1.56E−264
Height (PRS)	Waist circumference (Phenotype)	0.446	0.375	0.517	5.81E−35
Height (Phenotype)	Hip circumference (Phenotype)	1.845	1.790	1.900	0.00E+00
Height (PRS)	Hip circumference (Phenotype)	0.601	0.549	0.652	4.53E−114
	Anthropometric trait 2
Height (Phenotype)	Body mass index (Phenotype)	−0.192	−0.222	−0.162	1.36E−36
Height (PRS)	Body mass index (Phenotype)	−0.084	−0.111	-0.056	2.01E−09
Height (Phenotype)	Waist-hip ratio (Phenotype)	−0.003	−0.003	−0.002	1.75E−24
Height (PRS)	Waist-hip ratio (Phenotype)	−0.001	−0.001	0.000	7.18E−04
Height (Phenotype)	Body fat (Phenotype)	−0.335	−0.385	−0.286	3.82E−40
Height (PRS)	Body fat (Phenotype)	−0.140	−0.186	−0.095	1.58E−09
	Blood pressure, lipids, and glucose trait
Height (Phenotype)	Total cholesterol (Phenotype)	−1.117	−1.407	−0.828	4.13E−14
Height (PRS)	Total cholesterol (Phenotype)	−0.587	−0.853	−0.321	1.55E−05
Height (Phenotype)	Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Phenotype)	−1.180	−1.439	−0.921	4.68E−19
Height (PRS)	Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Phenotype)	−0.629	−0.867	−0.391	2.25E−07

PRS polygenic risk score

Height phenotype indicates the measured height (normalized using Z-scores)

Height polygenic risk score (PRS) indicates the height calculated from 251 SNPs (Tables 1 and 2)

Multivariate linear regression analysis was used with adjustment factors (age, sex, educational attainment, drinking, smoking, regular exercise, and 10 principal components analysis data). P-value (p < 0.05/(14+49)) was highlighted in bold italic. P-value less than 2.23E−308 were expressed as 0.00E+00