Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Jul 13;59(10):5970–5986. doi: 10.1007/s12035-022-02932-1

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 3 — Acute/long-term changes in brain post-MHV-1 coronavirus infection. A Normal brain cortex. B Representative image from MHV-1-infected mouse brain cortex showed “perivascular cavitation, congested blood vessel, pericellular halos, darkly stained nuclei, vacuolation of neuropil, pyknotic nuclei and acute eosinophilic necrosis at 7 days (acute phase)” [1]. C MHV-1-infected mouse brain cortex (12 months post-infection). F–I Enlarged images of C showed widespread neuronal necrosis (long arrows), pyknotic nuclei/neuronal clearing (short arrows), vacuolation of neuropil (arrowhead), congested blood vessels (blue arrows), perivascular cavitation (yellow arrows, Virchow–robin space), darkly stained nuclei (green arrow), neuronophagia (red arrow, presence of necrotic neurons surrounded by invaded hypertrophic microglia (I). D and E Treatment of MHV-1-infected mice with the peptide drug SPIKENET (5 mg/kg) ameliorated the above-mentioned changes at day 7 and 12 months post-infection, respectively. These findings suggest that the changes observed in the brain post-long-term infection are more severe than in the acute phase and the peptide SPIKENET has therapeutic potential in reducing MHV-1 infection (n = 3). (H&E, original magnification 400 × (A–E), and F–I are enlarged images of C)