Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Comput Toxicol. 2022 Mar 17;22:100223. doi: 10.1016/j.comtox.2022.100223

Table 3.

Selected examples of mechanistically-based endpoint categories adapted from an EFSA report on neurotoxicity testing methods [18]. Endpoints related to neurotoxicity can be categorized according to similarities of the underlying biological pathways leading to adverse effects.

Category type Endpoint category
Receptor-based neurotransmission cholinergic GABAergic glycinergic glutamatergic adrenergic serotonergic dopaminergic
other neuronal receptors
Ion channel activity sodium channels potassium channels calcium channels chloride channels
Cellular processes oxidative stress/apoptosis oxidative stress mitochondrial dysfunction calcium signaling and other 2nd messenger signaling
(e.g., PKC, cAMP) cytoskeletal alterations

Abbreviations: PKC (Protein kinase C), cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate).