Table 4.
Peri-induction warming group | Control group | Mean difference between groups∗∗ | ||||
Time, min | Change in core temperature∗ | n | Change in core temperature∗ | N | (95% CI) | P ∗∗ |
0 | −0.45 (0.02)∗ | 63 | −0.59 (0.02)∗ | 63 | 0.246 (0.065–0.427) | .008 |
30 | −0.61 (0.03)∗ | 63 | −0.89 (0.03)∗ | 63 | 0.390 (0.210–0.571) | <.001 |
60 | −0.59 (0.04)∗ | 63 | −0.96 (0.04)∗ | 63 | 0.473 (0.292–0.654) | <.001 |
90 | −0.51 (0.04)∗ | 63 | −0.88 (0.04)∗ | 63 | 0.478 (0.297–0.658) | <.001 |
120 | −0.44 (0.05)∗ | 60 | −0.75 (0.05)∗ | 60 | 0.415 (0.234–0.586) | <.001 |
150 | −0.38 (0.05)∗ | 53 | −0.64 (0.05)∗ | 56 | 0.374 (0.192–0.556) | <.001 |
180 | −0.32 (0.06)∗ | 50 | −0.58 (0.06)∗ | 45 | 0.361 (0.177–0.546) | <.001 |
210 | −0.25 (0.06)∗ | 44 | −0.50 (0.06)∗ | 39 | 0.357 (0.169–0.545) | <.001 |
240 | −0.2 (0.06) | 41 | −0.46 (0.06)∗ | 36 | 0.368 (0.176–0.559) | <.001 |
270 | −0.16 (0.07) | 26 | −0.43 (0.07)∗ | 29 | 0.373 (0.176–0.570) | <.001 |
300 | −0.19 (0.07) | 20 | −0.40 (0.07)∗ | 20 | 0.318 (0.114–0.523) | .002 |
330 | −0.17 (0.08) | 16 | −0.38 (0.08)∗ | 19 | 0.317 (0.110–0.523) | .003 |
360 | −0.17 (0.08) | 13 | −0.36 (0.08)∗ | 14 | 0.303 (0.106–0.499) | .003 |
PACU arrival | 0.02 (0.07) | 63 | −0.24 (0.07) | 62 | 0.364 (0.183–0.544) | <.001 |
PACU 10 min | −0.02 (0.07) | 61 | −0.24 (0.07) | 59 | 0.329 (0.148–0.510) | <.001 |
PACU 20 min | −0.04 (0.07) | 61 | −0.24 (0.07) | 59 | 0.308 (0.126–0.489) | .001 |
PACU 30 min | −0.01 (0.07) | 60 | −0.21 (0.07) | 59 | 0.304 (0.123–0.486) | .001 |
P < .05 in group × time comparison compared with preoperative time using mixed-effects model with post hoc Bonferroni test.
P value in group × time comparison compared with peri-induction warming group – control group using mixed-effects model with post hoc Bonferroni test.
CI = confidence interval, PACU = post-anesthesia care unit, SE = Standard error.