Table 1.
Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, comorbidities and prior medication of the overall population cohort on 1 Jan 2020 with standardized mean differences (SMDs) before and after ATT weighting, by statin use status (presented as n (%)).
| Characteristics | Statin users | Nonusers | SMD (before ATT weighting) | SMD (after ATT weighting) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 127 542 | 445 153 | ||
| Women | 52,798 (41.4%) | 239,592 (53.8%) | 0.251 | 0.004 |
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 75.9 ± 11.7 | 65.9 ± 17.0 | 0.686 | 0.019 |
| Age group (years) | ||||
| 40–49 | 2932 (2.3%) | 97,067 (21.8%) | 0.891 | 0.019 |
| 50–59 | 9661 (7.6%) | 90,339 (20.3%) | ||
| 60–69 | 23,067 (18.1%) | 76,931 (17.3%) | ||
| 70–79 | 36,927 (29.0%) | 63,072 (14.2%) | ||
| 80–89 | 39,018 (30.6%) | 60,973 (13.7%) | ||
| 90 + | 15,937 (12.5%) | 56,771 (12.8%) | ||
| Education level | ||||
| Low (primary school) | 44,516 (35.4%) | 104,620 (23.9%) | 0.304 | 0.005 |
| Medium (secondary school) | 52,586 (41.8%) | 182,935 (41.8%) | ||
| High (postgraduate) | 28,763 (22.9%) | 150,305 (34.3%) | ||
| Unemployed | 91,603 (71.8%) | 203,716 (45.8%) | 0.549 | 0.001 |
| Married | 62,205 (48.8%) | 206,803 (46.5%) | 0.046 | 0.001 |
| Disposable income, SEK (mean ± SD) | 2516.7 ± 7452.5 | 2951.8 ± 6653.4 | 0.062 | 0.014 |
| Country of birth | ||||
| Sweden | 108,261 (84.9%) | 366,656 (82.4%) | 0.127 | 0.028 |
| Nordic | 6151 (4.8%) | 16,110 (3.6%) | ||
| EU | 3267 (2.6%) | 13,630 (3.1%) | ||
| Rest of the world | 9863 (7.7%) | 48,757 (11.0%) | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 57,012 (44.7%) | 69,967 (15.7%) | 0.665 | 0.005 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 50,426 (39.5%) | 59,543 (13.4%) | 0.621 | 0.011 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 31,418 (24.6%) | 14,762 (3.3%) | 0.646 | 0.016 |
| Stroke or TIA | 15,439 (12.1%) | 9865 (2.2%) | 0.391 | 0.002 |
| Arrhythmia | 24,408 (19.1%) | 37,471 (8.4%) | 0.315 | 0.007 |
| Heart failure | 13,763 (10.8%) | 18,063 (4.1%) | 0.259 | 0.007 |
| Diabetes | 26,940 (21.1%) | 16,186 (3.6%) | 0.551 | 0.006 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 6423 (5.0%) | 6920 (1.6%) | 0.196 | 0.001 |
| Respiratory disease | 6214 (4.9%) | 9023 (2.0%) | 0.156 | 0.001 |
| Cancer | 21,373 (16.8%) | 45,436 (10.2%) | 0.193 | 0.002 |
| Liver disease | 793 (0.6%) | 2249 (0.5%) | 0.016 | 0.005 |
| Obesity | 3144 (2.5%) | 5125 (1.2%) | 0.099 | 0.002 |
| Neurological disease | 2247 (1.8%) | 6036 (1.4%) | 0.033 | < 0.001 |
| Dementia | 3789 (3.0%) | 11,155 (2.5%) | 0.028 | 0.003 |
| Autoimmune | 8279 (6.5%) | 17,168 (3.9%) | 0.119 | 0.005 |
| Prior medications | ||||
| ACEI | 40,571 (31.8%) | 44,459 (10.0%) | 0.557 | 0.005 |
| ARB | 44,838 (35.2%) | 60,288 (13.5%) | 0.520 | 0.006 |
| CCB | 46,725 (36.6%) | 61,604 (13.8%) | 0.544 | 0.008 |
| Diuretics | 41,760 (32.7%) | 70,366 (15.8%) | 0.403 | 0.001 |
| Betablockers | 67,020 (52.5%) | 77,218 (17.3%) | 0.794 | 0.018 |
| Ezetimib | 5273 (4.1%) | 1859 (0.4%) | 0.251 | 0.014 |
| Other lipid lowering | 731 (0.6%) | 1565 (0.4%) | 0.033 | 0.002 |
| Insulin | 14,668 (11.5%) | 7961 (1.8%) | 0.398 | 0.007 |
| Metformin | 26,895 (21.1%) | 12,655 (2.8%) | 0.586 | 0.001 |
| Sulfonylureas | 3216 (2.5%) | 1574 (0.4%) | 0.183 | 0.004 |
| Glucosidase inhibitors | 64 (0.1%) | 49 (0.0%) | 0.022 | 0.012 |
| Pioglitazone | 357 (0.3%) | 142 (0.0%) | 0.063 | 0.004 |
| DPP4 inhibitors | 7589 (6.0%) | 3437 (0.8%) | 0.290 | 0.011 |
| GLP1 agonists | 3550 (2.8%) | 1247 (0.3%) | 0.205 | 0.007 |
| SGLT2 inhibitors | 4575 (3.6%) | 1303 (0.3%) | 0.241 | 0.010 |
| Neuroleptics | 3046 (2.4%) | 11,654 (2.6%) | 0.015 | 0.042 |
| Anti-depressants | 23,358 (18.3%) | 66,880 (15.0%) | 0.088 | 0.001 |
| Anxiolytics | 12,842 (10.1%) | 39,130 (8.8%) | 0.044 | 0.001 |
| Sedative | 26,276 (20.6%) | 64,162 (14.4%) | 0.163 | 0.002 |
| P2Y12 inhibitors | 14,772 (11.6%) | 4439 (1.0%) | 0.447 | 0.004 |
| ASA cardiac | 53,188 (41.7%) | 32,322 (7.3%) | 0.874 | 0.008 |
| NOACs | 18,304 (14.4%) | 28,914 (6.5%) | 0.259 | 0.003 |
| Vitamin K antagonists | 8912 (7.0%) | 11,718 (2.6%) | 0.205 | < 0.001 |
| Respiratory drugs | 18,212 (14.3%) | 46,065 (10.3%) | 0.120 | 0.004 |
ATT average treatment effect for the treated, TIA transient ischemic attack, ACEI angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB angiotension receptor blockers, CCB calcium channel blockers, NOACs novel oral anticoagulants, DPP-4 dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, SGLT2 sodium-glucose co-transporter-2.