Table 3.
Hazard ratios (HRs), unadjusted and adjusted using ATT weighting, with 95% confidence interval (CI), comparing the risk of various COVID-19 outcomes between statin users and non-users, in the 3 studied cohorts (overall population cohort, COVID-19 onset cohort and hospitalized cohort).
Unadjusted HR | ATT weight-adjusted HR | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | |||||||
HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
Overall cohort | ||||||||||||
Test-positive | 0.80 [0.78–0.83] | < 0.001 | 0.89 [0.86–0.93] | < 0.001 | 0.72 [0.69–0.75] | < 0.001 | 0.90 [0.85–0.95] | < 0.001 | 0.92 [0.85–0.98] | 0.02 | 0.87 [0.81–0.94] | < 0.001 |
Diagnosis | 0.84 [0.82–0.86] | < 0.001 | 0.93 [0.90–0.96] | < 0.001 | 0.76 [0.73–0.79] | < 0.001 | 0.90 [0.85–0.94] | < 0.001 | 0.91 [0.85–0.97] | 0.007 | 0.88 [0.82–0.95] | < 0.001 |
Hospitalization | 1.68 [1.60–1.76] | < 0.001 | 1.69 [1.59–1.79] | < 0.001 | 1.56 [1.45–1.68] | < 0.001 | 0.86 [0.78–0.93] | < 0.001 | 0.85 [0.76–0.94] | 0.002 | 0.87 [0.75–1.01] | 0.07 |
ICU admission | 2.2 [1.81–2.67] | < 0.001 | 1.96 [1.56–2.47] | < 0.001 | 2.13 [1.46–3.10] | < 0.001 | 0.99 [0.67–1.46] | 0.97 | 0.99 [0.61–1.60] | 0.97 | 0.99 [0.58–1.70] | 0.97 |
Death | 1.33 [1.23–1.42] | < 0.001 | 1.44 [1.31–1.57] | < 0.001 | 1.07 [0.95–1.21] | 0.053 | 0.69 [0.62–0.77] | < 0.001 | 0.68 [0.59–0.77] | < 0.001 | 0.73 [0.62–0.85] | < 0.001 |
Onset cohort | ||||||||||||
Hospitalization | 3.21 [3.14–3.27] | < 0.001 | 2.82 [2.75–2.9] | < 0.001 | 3.46 [3.35–3.57] | < 0.001 | 0.93 [0.90–0.97] | < 0.001 | 0.90 [0.86–0.95] | < 0.001 | 0.98 [0.92–1.03] | 0.39 |
ICU admission | 2.68 [2.52–2.86] | < 0.001 | 2.22 [2.07–2.39] | < 0.001 | 2.85 [2.52–3.22] | < 0.001 | 0.87 [0.77–0.99] | 0.04 | 0.90 [0.77–1.04] | 0.16 | 0.78 [0.62–1.00] | 0.05 |
Death | 3.21 [3.09–3.34] | < 0.001 | 3.26 [3.09–3.43] | < 0.001 | 2.96 [2.78–3.14] | < 0.001 | 0.81 [0.76–0.87] | < 0.001 | 0.83 [0.75–0.91] | < 0.001 | 0.78 [0.71–0.86] | < 0.001 |
Hospitalized cohort | ||||||||||||
ICU admission | 0.92 [0.87–0.98] | 0.014 | 0.87 [0.81–0.93] | < 0.001 | 0.90 [0.79–1.02] | 0.09 | 0.98 [0.87–1.11] | 0.81 | 1.03 [0.89–1.19] | 0.70 | 0.86 [0.69–1.08] | 0.19 |
Death | 1.45 [1.38–1.52] | < 0.001 | 1.52 [1.43–1.62] | < 0.001 | 1.30 [1.20–1.41] | < 0.001 | 0.86 [0.79–0.95] | 0.001 | 0.88 [0.78–1.00] | 0.04 | 0.83 [0.73–0.94] | 0.004 |