Figure 3.

Changes in whole-day glucose homeostasis and nocturnal glucose fluctuation from CGM. The within-group changes from baseline are expressed as estimated marginal means (Mediterranean diet [MD], n = 78; traditional Jiangnan diet [TJD], n = 73; control diet [CD], n = 75). Error bars show 95% CI. (A) Mean glucose. (B) TBR was calculated and displayed in square-root form. (C) TAR was calculated and displayed in square-root form. (D) Nighttime SD. P group × time on variables were examined by mixed-effects linear models with unstructured variance structure, which adjusted for age, sex, baseline BMI, baseline fasting glucose, physical activity, and baseline values. P MD vs TJD, P MD vs CD, P TJD vs CD were P values for the comparison between Mediterranean diet and traditional Jiangnan diet, Mediterranean diet and control diet, traditional Jiangnan diet and control diet at 6 months with Bonferroni adjustment. Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve hourly; CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; TAR, time above range (>10 mmol/L); TBR, time below range (<3.9 mmol/L).