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Effect of sleep fragmentation on calorimetry outcomes. Mean ± SEM of A) respiratory exchange ratio (RER), B) resting energy expenditure (REE), C) carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation rate, and D) fat oxidation rate following unfragmented (“unfrag” in solid fill) and fragmented (“frag” in hatched fill) sleep. Significance is denoted by ** P < 0.01.
