Figure 2.

Associations (95% credible intervals) from unweighted^a Bayesian kernel machine regression models of the overall urinary phthalate metabolite and serum PFAS mixture with total body less head aBMD Z-score^b in 12-19 year old males (A) and females (B), 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (males, n = 453; females, n = 395). ^aModels do not account for the complex sample design, and therefore results cannot be considered generalizable to the US population. ^bFrom BKMR models of the association between the overall urinary phthalate metabolite/serum PFAS mixture when all chemical biomarkers are set at a given quantile versus the median. Models are adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, moderate/vigorous physical activity, indoor smoking by a household member, recent sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, recent total dairy consumption, urinary creatinine concentrations, NHANES weights, and NHANES cycle. Abbreviation: aBMD, areal bone mineral density; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; PFAS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.