WT and IL-10-/- mice were intranasally inoculated with S. aureus Newman SmR (2 × 108 colony-forming units/nose) or administered with PBS only. On 3 days and 7 days mice were culled, the NT was removed, and tissue digested for flow cytometry analysis. Cells were gated on single, live CD45+ cells> CD3+> CD4+/CD8+ or CD4-CD8-, double negatives were gated into γδ+. All T cell subsets were next gated on cytokine production; IL-17+ CD4+ (A), IL-17+CD8 +(B) IL-17+γδ + (C), IL-22+ CD4 + (D), IL-22+CD8 + (E) and IL-22+γδ +(F). Results are expressed in absolute cell numbers (Ab #) with mean ± S.E.M. (Experimental unit = 1 mouse, n = 10–20, per group, total # animals used 130, data generated from 4 independent experiments). Statistical analysis was carried out by two-way ANOVA. ** P≤0.01, *** P≤0.001.