Table 2.
Awareness of, attitudes toward, and overall usage of mobile health applications among study respondents
| Variable | Aware | Frequency, n | Percentage (%) | |||||||||
| Respondents’ awareness of mHealth apps | ||||||||||||
| for medical education | Yes | 154 | (61.8) | |||||||||
| No | 95 | (38.2) | ||||||||||
| for health and fitness | Yes | 190 | (76.3) | |||||||||
| No | 59 | (23.7) | ||||||||||
| for COVID-19 management | Yes | 206 | (82.7) | |||||||||
| No | 43 | (17.3) | ||||||||||
| Respondents’ attitudes toward mHealth apps | ||||||||||||
| Statements | Strongly disagree (%) | Disagree (%) | Neutral (%) | Agree (%) | Strongly agree (%) | Mean score | ||||||
| Medical education apps | ||||||||||||
| Information on medical education apps is reliable | 1.2 | 1.2 | 28.5 | 0.0 | 69.1 | 4.3 | ||||||
| Medical education apps are easy to use | 0.8 | 1.6 | 23.7 | 51.4 | 22.5 | 4.0 | ||||||
| Medical education apps are not costly | 3.2 | 15.3 | 28.9 | 31.3 | 21.3 | 3.5 | ||||||
| Medical education apps are a useful source of medical information | 2.4 | 0.8 | 15.7 | 51.0 | 30.1 | 4.2 | ||||||
| Medical education apps save time searching for medical information | 2.8 | 2.4 | 18.5 | 49.8 | 26.5 | 3.9 | ||||||
| Total mean score | 4.0 | |||||||||||
| Health and fitness apps | ||||||||||||
| Health and fitness apps are easy to use | 1.2 | 1.2 | 15.3 | 59.4 | 22.9 | 4.0 | ||||||
| Health and fitness apps are not costly | 2.4 | 8.4 | 23.7 | 38.6 | 26.9 | 3.8 | ||||||
| Health and fitness apps are useful for health improvement | 0.8 | 1.2 | 26.1 | 42.6 | 29.3 | 4.0 | ||||||
| Health and fitness apps save my time records and track my health data | 0.8 | 1.2 | 14.9 | 49.0 | 34.1 | 4.1 | ||||||
| Total mean score | 4.0 | |||||||||||
| COVID-19 management apps | ||||||||||||
| COVID-19 app information is reliable | 0.8 | 1.2 | 14.9 | 57.4 | 25.7 | 4.1 | ||||||
| Apps are easy to use | 0.8 | 1.2 | 12.4 | 56.2 | 29.3 | 4.1 | ||||||
| Apps are not costly | 0.8 | 0.8 | 10.8 | 44.6 | 43.0 | 4.3 | ||||||
| Apps are useful for pandemic control | 1.2 | 1.2 | 16.5 | 44.6 | 36.5 | 4.1 | ||||||
| Apps save time (e.g., scan-in to enter premises, record local health risk, and check the latest COVID-19 information) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 9.2 | 46.6 | 42.6 | 4.5 | ||||||
| User privacy is protected when using the apps | 1.6 | 1.2 | 25.7 | 42.6 | 28.9 | 4.0 | ||||||
| Total mean score | 4.2 | |||||||||||
| Respondents’ use of mHealth apps | ||||||||||||
| Variable | Responses | Frequency, n | Percentage (%) | |||||||||
| Apps installed and used to seek medical information | Yes | 89 | (35.7) | |||||||||
| No | 160 | (64.3) | ||||||||||
| Medical education app(s) used | UpToDate | 21 | (23.6) | |||||||||
| Medscape | 82 | (92.1) | ||||||||||
| DynaMed | 8 | (9.0) | ||||||||||
| Oxford Clinical Handbook | 31 | (34.8) | ||||||||||
| Epocrates | 16 | (18.0) | ||||||||||
| Others | 44 | (49.4) | ||||||||||
| Apps installed and used for health and fitness purposes | Yes | 97 | (39.0) | |||||||||
| No | 152 | (61.0) | ||||||||||
| Health and fitness app(s) used | Physical activity | 87 | (89.7) | |||||||||
| Food trackers | 38 | (39.2) | ||||||||||
| Fasting apps | 18 | (18.6) | ||||||||||
| Others | 2 | (2.1) | ||||||||||
| Apps installed and used for COVID-19 management | Yes | 183 | (73.5) | |||||||||
| No | 66 | (26.5) | ||||||||||
| COVID-19 management app(s) used | My Sejahtera | 182 | (99.5) | |||||||||
| COVID trace | 16 | (8.7) | ||||||||||
| Qmunity | 33 | (18.0) | ||||||||||
| My Trace | 4 | (2.2) | ||||||||||