Fig. 2.

Changes in anthropometry and body composition from baseline by age group (n=2223). Values are estimated marginal mean (95% CI) changes from baseline in body weight (a), waist circumference (b), fat mass (c), FFM (d), BMC (e) and BMD (f). Younger adults: 25–45 years; middle-aged adults: 46–54 years; older adults: 55–70 years. Analyses were performed using a linear mixed model including sex, age, ethnicity, baseline BMI, baseline smoking status, baseline alcohol consumption, baseline values of the outcome being considered, baseline energy intake and PA, time-varying changes in energy intake and PA from baseline, intervention arm, time and interaction of time and age group or sex as fixed covariates and participant identifier and intervention centre as random effects. Post hoc multiple comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment were performed to compare age groups at each time point, where appropriate. Older vs younger adults *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001; middle-aged vs younger adults ^†p<0.05, ^††p<0.01 and ^†††p<0.001; older vs middle-aged adults ^‡p<0.05 and ^‡‡p<0.01. BMC data were based on 614 younger, 227 middle-aged and 639 older participants from Denmark, Spain, Bulgaria, Australia and New Zealand. BMD data were based on 419 younger, 221 middle-aged and 476 older participants from Denmark, Spain, Australia and New Zealand