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. 2022 Jun 1;78(8):1289–1299. doi: 10.1007/s00228-022-03336-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Hepatic CYP3A4 metrics. Correlation between (a) systemic midazolam clearance (CL) and 4βOHC concentrations^a, (b) hepatic CYP3A4 concentration^b and 4βOHC concentrations, and (c) clearance intrinsic for midazolam 1’-hydroxylation in human liver microsomes^c and 4βOHC concentrations. Spearman’s rho (ρ) is the correlation coefficient, and the p value is from the Spearman rank correlation analysis. ^aAvailable in 92 patients (patients with obesity = 74, normal to overweight individiuals = 18). ^bAvailable in 56 patients (patients with obesity = 38, normal to overweight individuals = 18). ^cAvailable in 36 patients (RYGB = 20, normal to overweight individuals = 16). Abbreviations: CL_int,u, clearance intrinsic unbound; CYP, cytochrome P450; HLM, human liver microsomes; 4βOHC, 4-beta hydroxycholesterol