Table 1.
Selected baseline characteristics of mothers and infants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study.
| Variable | 16S V4–V5 rRNA | Metagenomics | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | Mean (SD) or no. (%) | Sample size | Mean (SD) or no. (%) | |
| Maternal characteristics | ||||
| Age at enrollment, mean (SD), years | 465 | 31.9 (4.6) | 185 | 31.9 (4.3) |
| Body Mass Index before pregnancy, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 462 | 25.8 (5.9) | 185 | 25.7 (5.7) |
| Parity, No. (%) | 461 | 184 | ||
| 0 | 217 (47.1) | 92 (50.0) | ||
| 1 | 166 (36.0) | 60 (32.6) | ||
| 2+ | 78 (16.9) | 32 (17.4) | ||
| Antibiotic use during pregnancy, No. (%) | 427 | 173 | ||
| Yes | 79 (18.5) | 36 (20.8) | ||
| No | 348 (81.5) | 137 (79.2) | ||
| Infant characteristics | ||||
| Delivery mode, No. (%) | 465 | 185 | ||
| Vaginal | 339 (72.9) | 129 (69.7) | ||
| Cesarean | 126 (27.1) | 56 (30.3) | ||
| Infant sex, No. (%) | 464 | 185 | ||
| Male | 248 (53.4) | 107 (57.8) | ||
| Female | 216 (46.6) | 78 (42.2) | ||
| Breast feeding at 6 weeks, No. (%) | 427 | 171 | ||
| Exclusively breast fed | 240 (56.2) | 92 (53.8) | ||
| Mixed fed or exclusive formula fed | 187(43.7) | 79 (46.2) | ||
| Gestational age, Mean (SD), weeks | 465 | 39.1 (1.6) | 185 | 39.0 (1.7) |
Of the 465 mothers included in the 16S analyses, maternal BMI was missing for 3 mothers. Parity was missing for 4 mothers, and antibiotic use during pregnancy was missing for 38 mothers. Of the 465 infants included in the 16S analyses, infant sex was missing for 1 infant, and feeding type was missing for 38 infants. Of the 185 mothers included in the metagenomics analyses, parity was missing for 1 mother, and antibiotic use during pregnancy was missing for 12 mothers. Of the 185 infants included in the metagenomics analyses, feeding type was missing for 14 infants.
SD standard deviation, No. frequency, kg kilograms, m meters.