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. 2022 Jul 14;13:4090. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31590-z

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a (I) 3D model of the ADM circuit used in simulations that comprises two Y-splitters and a 35-mm-long grating-loaded side coupler (20 grating periods with Λ = 1.03 mm, H = 0.21 mm). The computed electric field distributions in the ADM circuits for various launching conditions: (II) In port at 140 GHz (grating stopband), (III) In port at 128 GHz (grating passband), and (IV) Add port at 140 GHz (grating stopband). Optimized Drop Action: reflectance and transmittance of various ports under b In port launching and c Add port launching. Balanced Add/Drop Action: reflectance and transmittance of various ports under d In port launching and e Add port launching. Panels b–e are computed using Eq. (1) and data from (a).