Table 3.
Digital access and COVID-19 outcomes, January 2022.
| Dependent Variable | Cases per 100,000 people |
Deaths per 100,000 people |
Full vaccination series per 100 people |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
| % No Internet | 4541*** (1484) | 190.8*** (42.47) | −4.064 (3.048) | ||||||
| % No computer | 1604 (1913) | 144.6*** (54.74) | −7.179* (3.917) | ||||||
| % Broadband | −1053 (1292) | −93.83** (36.94) | 5.481** (2.638) | ||||||
| Case rate (t – 1) | 0.011*** (0.001) | 0.012*** (0.001) | 0.012*** (0.001) | 0.000*** (0.000) | 0.000*** (0.000) | 0.000*** (0.000) | |||
| Full vaccination rate (t – 1) | 108.9*** (8.913) | 108.5*** (8.927) | 108.6*** (8.932) | −0.429* (0.259) | −0.444* (0.260) | −0.437* (0.260) | |||
| Population density (logged) | 649.7*** (72.96) | 603.0*** (71.94) | 604.6*** (72.46) | 12.47*** (2.108) | 11.04*** (2.079) | 11.16*** (2.092) | −0.427*** (0.152) | −0.428*** (0.149) | −0.444*** (0.150) |
| % Under 18 | −1943 (2767) | −1238 (2776) | −1190 (2770) | 646.5*** (79.09) | 661.2*** (79.40) | 665.8*** (79.23) | 3.760 (5.698) | 4.269 (5.708) | 4.232 (5.692) |
| % 65 and over | −31992*** (2439) | −31826*** (2447) | −31790*** (2445) | 1024*** (71.65) | 1027*** (71.95) | 1031*** (71.85) | 51.03*** (5.058) | 51.43*** (5.066) | 51.29*** (5.057) |
| % Black | 3586*** (933.8) | 3900*** (929.3) | 3899*** (929.5) | 148.1*** (26.75) | 158.6*** (26.65) | 158.4*** (26.66) | −25.75*** (1.859) | −25.85*** (1.846) | −25.78*** (1.848) |
| % Hispanic | 6075*** (792.2) | 6324*** (789.0) | 6293*** (790.1) | 40.13* (22.93) | 49.76** (22.87) | 46.81** (22.91) | 3.245** (1.642) | 3.039* (1.635) | 3.214** (1.637) |
| % Renter | 2177* (1223) | 1492 (1208) | 1496 (1210) | −15.43 (34.97) | −36.85 (34.56) | −36.642 (34.606) | 2.736 (2.509) | 2.803 (2.472) | 2.652 (2.476) |
| Poverty rate | 1183 (2354) | 1741 (2379) | 1741 (2381) | 190.0*** (67.26) | 195.5*** (68.02) | 195.8*** (68.10) | −3.067 (4.840) | −2.251 (4.882) | −1.972 (4.887) |
| % Democrat votes | −14924*** (981.2) | −14849*** (984.2) | −14853*** (984.7) | −162.2*** (29.79) | −160.1*** (29.89) | −159.8*** (29.89) | 64.27*** (1.798) | 64.37*** (1.800) | 64.38*** (1.798) |
| Median income (logged) | −3248*** (730.0) | −3904*** (702.1) | −3901*** (704.1) | −95.97*** (21.00) | −116.6*** (20.26) | −116.3*** (20.33) | 10.66*** (1.513) | 10.77*** (1.453) | 10.64*** (1.457) |
| Intercept | 58863*** (8420) | 66823*** (8050) | 67774*** (7871) | 794.7*** (243.8) | 1047*** (234.1) | 1131*** (229.4) | −101.3*** (17.56) | −102.8*** (16.79) | −106.5*** (16.42) |
| N | 3093 | 3093 | 3093 | 3093 | 3093 | 3093 | 3084 | 3084 | 3084 |
| R Squared | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.65 |
***: p < 0.01; **: p < 0.05; *: p < 0.1. All models include state fixed effects. Figures in parentheses are standard errors.