Fig. 3.

Manhattan plots for 22 autosomes in the meta-TWAS. This meta-TWAS contained 3,175 genes overlapping between the two studied TWAS datasets. The Fisher’s method ($p_{\mathrm{F}}$) and our method ($p_{\mathrm{N}}$) were employed. Each point indicates a gene. The x-axis indicates the physical position of a gene in an autosome. The y-axis indicates p-value in a scale of –log₁₀. The 11 purple lines indicate the genes for which Fisher’s method ($p_{\mathrm{F}}$) reported genetic association but our method ($p_{\mathrm{N}}$) did not. All genes, ANKRD55, were false-positively detected. The red dashed line indicates the significance level after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing.