1970 [14]
|
Female |
38 |
Tender |
3 months |
No |
Seizure activity on EEG |
Large irregular osteolytic defect |
1973 [15]
|
Male |
5 |
Smooth, non-tender |
– |
No |
None |
Circular localized area of destruction with clear cut margins |
1990 [16]
|
Male |
2 |
Soft and tender with smooth surfaces |
1 month |
No |
None |
Soft tissue masses with destruction in the frontal and right parietal areas |
1990 [16]
|
Male |
2 |
Soft, painless |
1 month |
No |
None |
Punched-out and well-defined lytic lesion |
2006 [6]
|
Female |
26 |
Tender and firm |
2 weeks |
No |
Progressive headache and nausea |
Hyperintense osteolytic lesion |
2007 [17]
|
Male |
32 |
Edematous |
– |
Yes/3 years |
Headache |
Hypointense lesion with perilesional edema |
2007 [18]
|
Male |
37 |
Soft tissue |
2 months |
No |
Headache and epileptic attacks |
Osteolytic lesion with a large epidural and subcutaneous mass |
2009 [19]
|
Female |
36 |
Tender |
2 months |
No |
Headache |
Single punched out area of bone destruction with sharp margins |
2010 [20]
|
Male |
10 |
Tender |
1 months |
No |
None |
Lytic bone lesion extended as swelling with extradural hematoma |
2011 [21]
|
Male |
4 |
Large and gradually decreasing in size |
1 month |
Yes/1 month |
Unremitting headache and projectile vomiting |
Lytic lesion, scalp swelling and hematoma |
2013 [22]
|
Female |
14 |
Tender and soft |
1 month |
No |
Headache, malaise and nausea |
Osteolytic change with extracranial swelling |
2013 [23]
|
Male |
44 |
Immobile palpable masses |
– |
No |
Multiple cranial swellings accompanied by pain |
Radiolucent areas in the right frontoparietal, parietal and temporal bones |
2016 [24]
|
Male |
7 |
Non-tender |
2 months |
No |
Progressive headache, decreased level of consciousness and vomiting |
Heterogeneous osteolytic mass with extradural hematoma |
2018 [25]
|
Female |
8 |
No mass was felt |
6 weeks |
No |
Focal pain at the scalp |
Large osteolytic defect with non-sclerotic margins and beveled edges. |
2019 [26]
|
Female |
10 |
Tender |
3 weeks |
Yes/2 weeks |
None |
Single osteolytic lesion without sclerosis |
2020 [13]
|
Male |
3 |
Non-tender |
2 days |
No |
Recurrent and progressive vomiting and drowsiness |
Iso-dense subcutaneous scalp lesion, underlying osteolytic bony defect and mixed density extradural lesion with extradural hematoma |
2021 [27]
|
Female |
18 |
Tender |
3 weeks |
No |
Headache |
Lytic lesion with disruption of the external tabula and an epicranial soft tissue extension of the lesion |
2021 [28]
|
Male |
10 |
Non-tender and gradually increasing in size |
– |
Yes |
Pain in the local area of the swelling |
3 cm sized defect in the right temporoparietal calvarial with scalloped margin |
2022 |
Female |
8 |
Non-Tender |
4 months |
No |
Offensive odor with mild headache |
Lytic bone lesion extended as swelling |