TABLE 9.

Assessment of DCIS prognosis: University of Southern California/Van Nuys Prognostic Index (43).

Scoring	1	2	3
Tumour size (mm)	≤15	16–40	≥41
Surgical margin (mm)	≥10	1–9	<1
Histological classification (grade)	Non-HG without necrosis	Non-HG with necrosis	HG
Age	>60	40–60	<40

With breast preservation, prognosis is good (low probability of recurrence) if the sum of scores is 4–6, moderate if it is 7–9, and poor if it is 10–12. HG: high grade (poorly differentiated). The significance of USC/VNPI, is that of an auxiliary tool for the selection of another treatment strategy after conservative surgery: cases with a high score (10–12) are candidates for mastectomy, whereas cases with a score of 7–9 for radiotherapy.