Table 1.
Summary of the 23 case reports (23 patients) included in the systematic review.
| Article characteristics |
Patient demographics and clinical characteristics |
Procedure characteristics |
Post-operative data |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author/Year | Study design (level of evidence) | Sample size (n) | Mean age (years) | Gender | Side | Clinical features | Primary tissue affected | Location | Position | Portals | Procedure | Follow-up (months) | Outcome | Complications | Recurrence |
| Aydogan et al. (2013)10 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 48 | M | R | Pain, decreased ROM, associated anterior labral tear | Synovium | Subacromial bursa, subdeltoid region | Beach chair | P, A, L | ELB, subacromial bursectomy, labral tear repair | 6 | Full ROM, RTW | No | No |
| Buess and Friedrich (2001)11 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 22 | M | R | Pain × 5 years | Synovium | Axillary recess, subscapular recess, BTS | NR | NR | Conversion to ventral arthrotomy, ELB, partial synovectomy, BTS decompression | 12 | Failed arthroscopic treatment Asymptomatic, full ROM, RTW | No | No |
| Chillemi et al. (2005)12 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 18 | M | R | Pain × 1 year, stiffness, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, subscapular recess, BTS | NR | P, A | ELB, partial synovectomy, bicipital tendon synovectomy | 24 | Asymptomatic | No | No |
| Colanese et al. (2016)13 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 44 | F | L | Pain × 7 years, decreased ROM, rotator cuff atrophy | Synovium | GHJ, subscapular recess | NR | NR | Conversion to limited open deltopectoral approach, ELB | 6 | Failed arthroscopic treatment Asymptomatic, full ROM | No | No |
| Covall and Fowble (1993)14 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 22 | M | L | Pain × 1 year | Synovium | GHJ | NR | NR | ELB, partial synovectomy | 18 | Near asymptomatic | No | Yes |
| David and Drez (2000)15 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 23 | F | R | Pain × 1 month, stiffness, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, subscapular recess, BTS | NR | P, A | ELB, partial synovectomy, open decompression of BTS | 24 | Failed arthroscopic treatment Asymptomatic | No | No |
| Duymus et al. (2015)1 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 33 | F | R | Pain × 4 years, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ | Beach chair | P, A-S, A-I | ELB, partial synovectomy | 12 | Asymptomatic, full ROM | No | No |
| Fowble and Levy (2003)9 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 24 | M | L | Pain × 10 years, palpable loose bodies, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, subscapular recess, BTS | Beach chair | P, A-S, A-I | ELB, partial synovectomy, debridement of degenerative labrum | NR | Minimal pain, improved ROM, RTW | No | No |
| Francesca and Ronquillo (2018)16 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 23 | M | R | Pain × 2 years, stiffness, palpable solid masses, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, subcoracoid space, biceps tract distal to the bicipital groove | NR | NR | ELB, partial synovectomy, conversion to open deltopectoral approach, capsular shift | 12 | Failed arthroscopic treatment Constant score: 90 (post-op) vs. 45 (pre-op), ASES score: 98 (post-op) vs. 20 (pre-op) | No | No |
| Fukuda et al. (2020)17 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 13 | M | R | Pain, locking, effusion | Synovium | Axillary recess, subscapular recess | Beach chair | P, A | ELB, partial synovectomy | 60 | Asymptomatic | No | No |
| Hamada et al. (2005)18 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 14 | F | R | Pain × 1.5 years, catching | Synovium | GHJ, axillary recess, subscapular recess | NR | NR | ELB | 36 | Asymptomatic | No | No |
| Jeon et al. (2004)19 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 15 | F | L | Pain, decreased ROM, grinding, catching | Synovium | Rotator interval, subscapular recess, BTS | NR | P, A | ELB, partial synovectomy, BTS decompression | 18 | Asymptomatic, full ROM | No | Yes |
| Jimenez-Martin et al. (2014)2 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 53 | M | NR | Pain, decreased ROM | Synovium | Labrum, subacromial bursa | NR | NR | ELB, partial synovectomy, subacromial bursectomy | 24 | Asymptomatic, full ROM | No | No |
| Jung et al. (2007)20 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 19 | M | L | Pain × 6 months, decreased ROM | Synovium | Subscapular recess, axillary recess | NR | P, A | ELB, partial synovectomy | 12 | Asymptomatic, RTW | No | No |
| Maier et al. (2014)21 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 26 | M | R | Pain, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, subscapular recess, BTS | Lateral decubitus | P, A-S, A-I | ELB, partial synovectomy | 3 | Asymptomatic, Constant score: 100 (post-op) vs. 91 (pre-op) | No | No |
| Park et al. (2007)8 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 45 | M | R | Pain × 3 years | Synovium | Subacromial bursa | Beach chair | P, A, L | ELB, partial subacromial bursectomy | 16 | Asymptomatic, RTW | No | No |
| El Rassi et al. (2015)22 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 57 | F | L | Discomfort × 9 years, swelling, decreased ROM | Synovium | Subacromial space | Beach chair | P, A, L | ELB, complete synovectomy, CA ligament resection, acromioplasty | 12 | Full ROM | No | No |
| Raval et al. (2016)7 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 52 | M | L | Pain × 3 years, clicking, grinding, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ | Beach chair | P, A, A-S, P-L | ELB, synovectomy | 3 | Asymptomatic, full ROM | No | No |
| Richman and Rose (1990)23 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 35 | M | R | Pain × 15 years, clicking, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, subscapular recess, BTS | NR | P, A | ELB, partial synovectomy, debridement of degenerative labrum | 24 | Asymptomatic, full ROM, RTW | No | No |
| Tokis et al. (2007)24 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 24 | M | R | Pain × 6 months, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, BTS | Beach chair | P, A, S, I | ELB, partial synovectomy | 12 | Asymptomatic, full ROM, RTW | No | No |
| Wahab et al. (2019)3 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 20 | M | R | Pain × 2 years | Synovium | GHJ, subacromial space, proximal medial humerus | NR | NR | ELB, partial synovectomy | 24 | Asymptomatic, full ROM | No | No |
| Witwity et al. (1991)25 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 62 | M | R | Pain × 3 years, swelling, locking, decreased ROM | Synovium | GHJ, subacromial space | Lateral decubitus | NR | ELB, partial synovectomy | 15 | Asymptomatic, improved ROM | No | No |
| Xu et al. (2015)26 | Case Report (IV) | 1 | 40 | F | R | Pain × 4 years, decreased ROM | Synovium | Subacromial space | Lateral decubitus | P, A, A-S | ELB, subacromial bursa partial synovectomy, acromioplasty | 14 | Asymptomatic, full ROM | No | No |
A: anterior; A-I: anteroinferior; A-S: anterosuperior; BTS: bicipital tendon sheath; ELB: excision of loose bodies; GHJ: glenohumeral joint; I: inferior; L: lateral; NR: not reported; P: posterior; P-L: posterolateral; ROM: range of motion; RTW: return to work; S: superior. Bold indicates the cases that had failed arthroscopic management.