Table 1.

WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) ladder for water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services

Service level	Water	Sanitation	Hygiene
Basic	Drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 min for a round trip, including queuing	Use of improved facilities that are not shared with other households	Availability of a handwashing facility on premises with soap and water
Limited	Drinking water from an improved source for which collection time exceeds 30 min for a round trip, including queuing	Use of improved facilities shared between two or more households	Availability of a handwashing facility on premises without soap and water
Unimproved	Drinking water from an unprotected dug well or unprotected spring	Use of pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines or bucket latrines	Not applicable
No service	Surface water	Open defecation	No handwashing facility on premises

Source Adapted from WHO; UNICEF. Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 Update and SDG Baselines; WHO: Geneva, 2017; ISBN 978–92-4–151,289-3. [4]